Local balance in the air-sea boundary processes

Toba, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1007/bf02109772

Cited by 258 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These solutions have been found by Zakharov and Filonenko (1966). The constant energy flux solution corresponds in the frequency wave spectrum to a power law of the form of  , in agreement with experimental observations starting from Toba (1973).…”

Section: Theorysupporting

confidence: 89%

Wave modelling – The state of the art

Cavaleri¹,

Alves²,

Ardhuin³

et al. 2007

Progress in Oceanography

460

177

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This paper is the product of the wave modelling community and it tries to make a picture of the present situation in this branch of science, exploring the previous and the most recent results and looking ahead towards the solution of the problems we presently face. Both theory and applications are considered.The many faces of the subject imply separate discussions. This is reflected into the single sections, seven of them, each dealing with a specific topic, the whole providing a broad and solid overview of the present state of the art. After an introduction framing the problem and the approach we followed, we deal in sequence with the following subjects: (Section) 2, generation by wind; 3, non-linear interactions in deep water; 4, white-capping dissipation; 5, non-linear interactions in shallow water; 6, dissipation at the sea bottom; 7, wave propagation; 8, numerics. The two final sections, 9 and 10, summarize the present situation from a general point of view and try to look at the future developments. Keywords

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Section: Theorysupporting

confidence: 89%

Wave modelling – The state of the art

Cavaleri¹,

Alves²,

Ardhuin³

et al. 2007

Progress in Oceanography

460

177

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show abstract

“…To obtain an explicit estimate of the CW spectrum, the upwind saturation spectrum of short gravity waves is specified as B(K,O) • (u,/c) [Toba, 1973;Phillips, 1985]. In this case the CW spectrum (19) is…”

Section: Wind Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled sea surface‐atmosphere model: 2. Spectrum of short wind waves

Kudryavtsev¹,

Makin²,

Chapron³

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

153

146

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Abstract. A physical model of the short wind wave spectrum in the wavelength range from a few millimeters to few meters is proposed. The spectrum shape results from the solution of the energy spectral density balance equation. Special attention is paid to the description of the capillary range of the short wave spectrum. It is assumed that in this range the spectrum shape is determined mainly by the mechanism of generation of parasitic capillaries. This is described as the cascade energy transfer from the gravity to the capillary waves. Thus the capillary wave spectrum results through the balance between generation of capillaries and their viscous dissipation. The short gravity wave spectrum results through the balance between wind input and dissipation due to wave breaking. A parameterization of wind input is obtained in part i of the present paper. To describe the dissipation due to wave breaking, the approach developed by Phillips [1985] is used. The spectral rate of energy dissipation is presented in the form of a power dependence of the ratio of the saturation spectrum to some threshold level. It is further shown that the threshold level depends on the drift current shift in the water viscous sublayer, which affects the energy losses by wave breaking. To obtain a short wave spectrum which is valid in the whole wavenumber domain, the capillary and the short gravity wave spectra are patched in the vicinity of the wavenumber corresponding to the minimum phase velocity. This short wave spectrum is incorporated into the wind over waves coupled model developed in part i of the present paper. The measured statistical properties of the sea surface related to the short waves, such as the spectral shape of omnidirectional and up-wind spectra, their wind speed dependence and angular spreading, and the wind speed dependence of integral mean square slope and skewness parameters, are well reproduced by the model. Also the model well reproduces the measured wind speed dependence of the drag coefficient and of the coupling parameter.

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“…For example, when assessing the adequacy of developed methods for wave spectra retrieval using satellite imagery spectra [5,6,14], sea surface slope and elevation spectra obtained through high-resolution satellite image processing were compared with wave spectra measured by a string wave meter array and through stereo photography from a hydrophysical platform [6]. Figure 2 shows the example results of comparing sea wave spectra retrieved from GEOEYE image fragment processing, obtained by a string wave meter array, and with Toba approximation [28].…”

Section: Main Comprehensive Research Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 2 Comparison of sea wave spectra retrieved from satellite and in situ data, and with the Toba approximation: a 2D spatial spectrum of sea surface slopes retrieved from a satellite image; b 1D spatial spectrum of elevations retrieved from satellite data; c superposition of the frequency spectra of the sea surface retrieved from a satellite image with a string wave meter array, and from the Toba approximation [28] The example spatial spectral processing result for the fragments of GEOEYE optical high-resolution (0.5 m) image taken on September 10, 2015, for the coastal water area near Sevastopol where deep wastewater outfalls are placed, is given in Fig. 3a, b, c. The example spatial spectral processing result for the fragment of TerraSAR-X high-resolution (2.0 m) radar image taken on 6 October 2013 for the coastal water area near Gelendzhik where a deep wastewater outfall is placed, is given in Fig.…”

Section: Main Comprehensive Research Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Ground-Space Monitoring of Anthropogenic Impact on Russian Black Sea Coastal Water Areas

Бондур

Замшин

2017

Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016"

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In this paper, we describe the developed methods and technologies, as well as the created research prototype of a ground-space regional monitoring system that was used for comprehensive experimental research of anthropogenic impact on Russian Black sea coastal water areas. Changes in significant water environment parameters (generation of additional spectral components of surface waves; changes in marine surface roughness affecting normalized radar cross-section; turbidity field anomalies affecting spectral brightness variations in various bands of electromagnetic spectrum, etc.) registered in satellite imagery of water areas under anthropogenic impact were revealed. It has been established that these effects were predominantly caused by deep wastewater discharges. Zones of anthropogenic pollution propagations, as well as pipe breakages, have been revealed. The validation of the obtained satellite imagery processing results has been conducted based on sea truth data carried out using buoys, as well as from boats and hydrophysical platform.

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Local balance in the air-sea boundary processes

Cited by 258 publications

References 5 publications

Wave modelling – The state of the art

Wave modelling – The state of the art

Coupled sea surface‐atmosphere model: 2. Spectrum of short wind waves

Comprehensive Ground-Space Monitoring of Anthropogenic Impact on Russian Black Sea Coastal Water Areas

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