Local control of magnetic interface effects in chiral 
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 multilayers using 
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 ion irradiation

Jong, Mark C. H. de; Meijer, Mariëlle J.; Lucassen, Juriaan; Liempt, Jos van; Swagten, H.J.M.; Koopmans, B.; Lavrijsen, Reinoud

doi:10.1103/physrevb.105.064429

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As ID N increased, the D value decreased from 0.49 to 0.22 mJ·m –2 . This decreasing trend is similar to that observed in other ion-implanted multilayer systems. ,, The DMI diminution may originate from the atomic interdiffusion at the Pt/Co interface during the implantation of N ions …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In previous studies, strain was the conventional scheme to tune the lattice attribute, and it could induce obvious modifications on both the DMI and magnetic anisotropy of skyrmion-hosting films based on the magnetoelastic effect. − However, the application of strain on the films required a stretchable substrate (e.g., ferroelectrics, shape memory alloy, and flexible polymer), posing a great challenge concerning compatibility with modern large-scale integrated circuit technology (LSICT). An alternative strategy for lattice modification is to introduce lattice defects (e.g., vacancies and interstitials), which have been demonstrated to be able to significantly affect the Heisenberg exchange interaction, magnetic anisotropy, and DMI. − Thus, the skyrmion nucleation is expected to be controllably manipulated through appropriate defect engineering. More importantly, this strategy does not rely on any special substrate, showing better compatibility with modern integrated circuit technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local Manipulation of Skyrmion Nucleation in Microscale Areas of a Thin Film with Nitrogen-Ion Implantation

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Precise manipulation of skyrmion nucleation in microscale or nanoscale areas of thin films is a critical issue in developing high-efficient skyrmionic memories and logic devices. Presently, the mainstream controlling strategies focus on the application of external stimuli to tailor the intrinsic attributes of charge, spin, and lattice. This work reports effective skyrmion manipulation by controllably modifying the lattice defect through ion implantation, which is potentially compatible with large-scale integrated circuit technology. By implanting an appropriate dose of nitrogen ions into a Pt/Co/Ta multilayer film, the defect density was effectively enhanced to induce an apparent modulation of magnetic anisotropy, consequently boosting the skyrmion nucleation. Furthermore, the local control of skyrmions in microscale areas of the macroscopic film was realized by combining the ion implantation with micromachining technology, demonstrating a potential application in both binary storage and multistate storage. These findings provide a new approach to advancing the functionalization and application of skyrmionic devices.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Manipulation of Skyrmion Nucleation in Microscale Areas of a Thin Film with Nitrogen-Ion Implantation

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…1e. We found that the PMA decreases monotonically with irradiation fluence, which is consistent with earlier studies 24,35 . Here, we specifically note that PMA persists up to a very large degree of intermixing (irradiation fluence), which is much higher than previous studies on ferromagnets 24,28,36 .…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Enhancing All-Optical Switching of Magnetization by He Ion Irradiation

Li¹,

Jagt²,

Beens³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…It is well known that ion irradiation is an excellent tool to tune locally the magnetic and structural properties of thin films through ordering [13][14][15][16] and interface intermixing [17][18][19][20] . In Permalloy films, ion irradiation has been shown to change the magnetic anisotropy [21][22][23] and the magneto-resistive response in the presence of exchange bias 4,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Permalloy properties for magnetic field sensors using He$^+$ irradiation

Masciocchi¹,

Jagt²,

Syskaki³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Permalloy, despite being a widely utilized soft magnetic material, still calls for optimization in terms of magnetic softness and magnetostriction for its use in magnetoresistive sensor applications. Conventional annealing methods are often insufficient to locally achieve the desired properties for a narrow parameter range. In this study, we report a significant improvement of the magnetic softness and magnetostriction in a 30 nm Permalloy film after He + irradiation. Compared to the as-deposited state, the irradiation treatment reduces the induced anisotropy by a factor ten and the hard axis coercivity by a factor five. In addition, the effective magnetostriction of the film is significantly reduced by a factor ten -below 1 × 10 −7 -after irradiation. All the above mentioned effects can be attributed to the isotropic crystallite growth of the Ni-Fe alloy and to the intermixing at the magnetic layer interfaces under light ion irradiation. We support our findings with X-ray diffraction analysis of the textured Ni 81 Fe 19 alloy. Importantly, the sizable magnetoresistance is preserved after the irradiation. Our results show that compared to traditional annealing methods, the use of He + irradiation leads to significant improvements in the magnetic softness and reduces strain cross sensitivity in Permalloy films required for 3D positioning and compass applications. These improvements, in combination with the local nature of the irradiation process make our finding valuable for the optimization of monolithic integrated sensors, where classic annealing methods cannot be applied due to complex interplay within the components in the device.

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Local control of magnetic interface effects in chiral Ir|Co|Pt multilayers using Ga+ ion irradiation

Cited by 25 publications

References 55 publications

Local Manipulation of Skyrmion Nucleation in Microscale Areas of a Thin Film with Nitrogen-Ion Implantation

Local Manipulation of Skyrmion Nucleation in Microscale Areas of a Thin Film with Nitrogen-Ion Implantation

Enhancing All-Optical Switching of Magnetization by He Ion Irradiation

Optimization of Permalloy properties for magnetic field sensors using He$^+$ irradiation

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