Local Corrosion of Magnesia–Chrome Refractories Driven by Marangoni Convection at the Slag–Metal Interface

Yuan, Zhangfu; Huang, Wen; Mukai, Kusuhiro

doi:10.1006/jcis.2002.8504

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Even in the case of decreasing interfacial tension by the dissolution of the refractory into the slag, local corrosion also occurs. 6) Pötschke and Brüggmann 7) reported that an estimation of the corrosion of a refractory caused by Marangoni flow is in good agreement with experimental results. However, fundamental solutions based on this mechanism have yet to be established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B2O3 at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

et al. 2021

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A fundamental study using a water model has been carried out to propose the mechanism for the local corrosion of a refractory near the slagmetal interface in terms of the bulk flow of the slag and liquid metal. The present model consists of water, liquid gallium and solid B 2 O 3 , whose physical properties have a similar relationship to high-temperature systems. It is found that the local corrosion of the refractory near the watergallium interface is induced by a branched flow that separates from the main stream of the water. The branched flow is considered to be generated by the interaction between the capillary pressure within a gap near the gallium meniscus and the bulk water pressure. After the branched flow is generated, an eddy occurs near the watergallium interface, and thus a drag force generated by the water is locally applied to the B 2 O 3 surface, resulting in local corrosion. In corrosion tests using waterglycerin solutions, which have the same order of kinematic viscosity as slags at high temperatures, both the branched flow and the local corrosion are observed. The proposed mechanism can be applied to systems in which the slagmetal interfacial tension does not change significantly as well as to systems in which the interfacial tension changes when the refractory dissolves into the slag.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B2O3 at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

et al. 2021

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“…The fragments of ZrSiO 4 , formed as a result of preheating at the glaze/ refractory interface were observed to float up to the top of the glaze layer. Marangoni phenomenon attributed to the differential surface tension developed across the layer of glaze is most likely responsible for the removal of ZrSiO 4 from the interfacial region to the free surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Glaze on the Corrosion Behavior of ZrO₂–Graphite Insert of the Submerged Entry Nozzle in the Continuous Casting of Steel

Kumar

Khanna

Ikram-Ul-Haq

et al. 2014

steel research int.

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We report an investigation on the corrosion behavior of ZrO 2 -graphite insert in submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during its high temperature interaction with the mould flux focused specifically on the role of glaze coating. A detailed metallographic examination of the representative samples collected at different stages of its usage was carried out to examine the transient progress of corrosion. The interaction between the glaze material and the base refractory at the typical preheating temperature of SEN initiated the degradation of the partially stabilized ZrO 2 grains due to the formation of reaction products. Clear evidence is presented to show that the reaction product and the original layer of glaze coating survived after 90 min of casting. Early stages of corrosion involved the progressive congruent dissolution of reaction products and the residual glaze phase into the mould flux. Due to the absence of the glaze layer in the later stages of operation (480 min), corrosion was caused by the fragmentation of the aggregate phase and structural damage. This work highlights the importance of compositional control and coating thickness of the glaze material on the ZrO 2 -graphite refractory insert.

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“…This indicates that ZrO 2 -graphite dissolves at a much faster rate preferentially at the flux-metal interface. This phenomenon may be explained by the difference in the interfacial energy [1,13] between pairs, namely, metal-graphite, metal-zirconia, flux-graphite, and flux-zirconia. When the rod is initially dipped, graphite will preferentially dissolve into the metal at the surface that is in contact with the metal, and zirconia into the flux at the surface that is in contact with the flux.…”

Section: Some Considerations On Necking Phenomenon Of the Rod At The mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This may imply that there is another factor that is more dominant than rotation of the rod during the dissolution. One possible explanation is Marangoni flow [12][13][14], which is caused by the gradient of concentration, surface tensions, etc. and leads to shear stress on the rod.…”

Section: Dissolution Rate Of Zirconia Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution behavior of zirconia-refractories during continuous casting of steel

et al. 2006

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Dissolution behavior of ZrO2-graphite refractories used in a submerged entry nozzle (SEN) during continuous casting of steel was investigated using the rotating cylinder method. In the present work, the dissolution rate of the zirconia-graphite rod was determined by measuring the corrosion depth of the rod after a given immersion time. It was found that the dissolution rate was slow at the surface where molten flux alone is contacted, but much higher at the region that contacts the interface of the molten flux and liquid metal. The dissolution rate was influenced by the rotation speed of the rod, ZrO2 content in the refractories, and the presence of Na2O and fluoride (F ) in the mold flux. It is speculated that a cyclic process wherein zirconia dissolves into the molten flux and graphite dissolves into the liquid metal accelerates the dissolution at the flux-metal interface.

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Local Corrosion of Magnesia–Chrome Refractories Driven by Marangoni Convection at the Slag–Metal Interface

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

Effect of Glaze on the Corrosion Behavior of ZrO₂–Graphite Insert of the Submerged Entry Nozzle in the Continuous Casting of Steel

Dissolution behavior of zirconia-refractories during continuous casting of steel

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Local Corrosion of Magnesia–Chrome Refractories Driven by Marangoni Convection at the Slag–Metal Interface

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

Mechanism for Local Corrosion of Solid B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at Water–Gallium Interface Induced by Branched Flow

Effect of Glaze on the Corrosion Behavior of ZrO2–Graphite Insert of the Submerged Entry Nozzle in the Continuous Casting of Steel

Dissolution behavior of zirconia-refractories during continuous casting of steel

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Product

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Effect of Glaze on the Corrosion Behavior of ZrO₂–Graphite Insert of the Submerged Entry Nozzle in the Continuous Casting of Steel