Local development and migrant remittances: education, skills and capabilities as preconditions for investment in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Nzima, Divane; Duma, V.; Moyo, Philani; Hlatywayo, Clifford Kendrick

doi:10.1080/09766634.2017.1325152

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is a fact that the wages offered by those opportunities are very low; however, without them, most of the families would be languishing in abject poverty. Previous studies have revealed that remittances have the potential to create employment (Kapur, 2003;Newland and Patrick, 2004;Nzima et al, 2017); this present study has shown that in the case of Tsholotsho, remittances certainly do create employment opportunities. In addition, Ncube and Gomez (2011) have highlighted that "following the money" without a doubt gives us a leeway in tracing the various ways (such as employment) in which remittances have a multiplier effect in the local economy.…”

Section: Employmentmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Migration and Local Development: The Multiplier Effect of Migrant Remittances on Non-recipient Households in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Nzima

Duma

Moyo

2017

MET

Self Cite

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SUMMARYSubstantial policy and academic research on migration has focussed on migrant remittances to developing countries. That research has often given a positive evaluation of the impact of remittances on development, with specific reference to recipient households. However, there is limited research examining the indirect effect of migrant remittances on the development emanating from the activities of non-recipient households. Given the research gap, this paper seeks to examine the extent to which non-recipient households benefit from the flow of income and other material goods into their local economy. This study is based on a questionnaire survey (N = 159) and 15 semi-structured interviews. A key finding was that remittances have partly motivated the emergence of an entrepreneurial spirit in the local economy, with most of the local small businesses (including general dealer stores, bed and breakfast accommodation, construction companies etc.) run by non-recipient households. Non-recipient households have emerged as key entrepreneurial players in response to a high consumption demand amongst the recipient households. Profits generated through these small businesses are thus satisfying the basic needs of nonrecipient households. Furthermore, a number of community projects are being financed through remittance income. These projects include food gardens, fishing and livestock farming which benefit both the recipient and non-recipient households.

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Section: Employmentmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Therefore, one could argue that migrant remittances are bringing about community development in the rural district of Tsholotsho, which ensures that poor people have access to income as well as public infrastructure. These elements are very crucial preconditions in the creation of sustainable livelihoods (Nzima et al, 2017).…”

Section: Community Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and Local Development: The Multiplier Effect of Migrant Remittances on Non-recipient Households in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Nzima

Duma

Moyo

2017

MET

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“…By 2014, more than 3 million (out of the then 12 million) people had migrated mainly to South Africa (McGregor & Pasura, 2014). Most of these migrants remit to the household at origin to ameliorate the economic crisis they face in Zimbabwe (Bracking & Sachikonye, 2010; Nzima et al, 2017). Consequently, Zimbabwe presents a setting that is conducive to study GSHs.…”

Section: The Country Setting Methods and Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, income pooling and food deprivation

Dafuleya

2023

Review Development Economics

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Income pooling in the context of geographically stretched households, that is, households with migrants who maintain close relations and economic ties with household members left behind, is examined in this article. The focus is also directed at evaluating whether migration assists in reducing food deprivation in the household of origin. A model to generalise the relationship between the migrant and the family left behind is presented and then applied to Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe. The analysis is tripartite. First, the determinants of migrant remittances are established; second, tests of income pooling between migrant remittances and income of the household at origin are conducted; and third, the impact of migration on the family left behind is examined in the context of food deprivation. Results show that gender is not a determinant of remittances, but it matters for income pooling of remittances with income at the household of origin on frequent and low‐cost purchases. The evidence provided challenges the idea that a household is a separate and independent unit composed of co‐residents eating from the same pot.

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“…(Makina & Masenge, 2015). Zimbabwean households sending migrants are heavily dependent on remittances from abroad (Bracking & Sachikonye, 2010;Maphosa, 2007;Mazwi, 2022;Muzapu & Havadi, 2021;Ncube & Gomez, 2015;Nyikahadzoi et al, 2019;Nzima et al, 2017). Remittances are spent predominantly on livelihood needs such as housing, food purchase, medical treatment, transportation, clothing, and children's education.…”

Section: Pre-covid Migration and Remittancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Disruptions in the South Africa–Zimbabwe Remittance Corridor During COVID-19

Crush,

Tawodzera

2023

Migration and Development

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant remittances has generated a great deal of confusion and debate. This article aims to test three conflicting global and local narratives about the relationship between the pandemic and remittance flows in the South Africa–Zimbabwe remittance corridor. We refer to these as remittance pessimism, remittance resilience and remittance rerouting narratives. The article presents the pre-pandemic background context of migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa, the evidence for a shift from informal to formal remitting during the pandemic, and the implications of the remittance rerouting narrative for other corridors. We find that many Zimbabwean migrants in South Africa experienced severe economic impacts including unemployment, income loss and lack of access to COVID-19 relief measures. We conclude that there was a significant increase in formal, primarily digital, remittances during the pandemic and a decline in informal remittance conveyance. We highlight the need for more research in other remittance corridors to identify similarities and differences between them in terms of COVID-19 impacts and the shift from informal to formal remittances enabled by digital platforms.

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Local development and migrant remittances: education, skills and capabilities as preconditions for investment in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Migration and Local Development: The Multiplier Effect of Migrant Remittances on Non-recipient Households in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Migration and Local Development: The Multiplier Effect of Migrant Remittances on Non-recipient Households in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe

Migration, income pooling and food deprivation

Digital Disruptions in the South Africa–Zimbabwe Remittance Corridor During COVID-19

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