Local development of nanotechnology-based diagnostics

Gómez-Márquez, José; Hamad‐Schifferli, Kimberly

doi:10.1038/s41565-021-00907-2

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Currently nanoparticles are tested in various fields such as catalysis [ 16 , 17 ], energy storage [ 18 ], energy conversion [ 19 , 20 ], and optoelectronic, for example, as light-emitting diodes [ 21 ]. In the case of the biomedical applications, NPs are tested not only as anticancer agents, which will be discussed later in this paper but also as antibacterial agents (for example in form of the layers on medical implants) [ 22 , 23 ], and sensitive tests to detect various diseases [ 24 , 25 ]. Generally, this wide application range is related to their unique properties and highly reactive surface.…”

Section: Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite Nanoparticles in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Cancer Therapies: Challenges and Perspectives

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Until now, strategies used to treat cancer are imperfect, and this generates the need to search for better and safer solutions. The biggest issue is the lack of selective interaction with neoplastic cells, which is associated with occurrence of side effects and significantly reduces the effectiveness of therapies. The use of nanoparticles in cancer can counteract these problems. One of the most promising nanoparticles is magnetite. Implementation of this nanoparticle can improve various treatment methods such as hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery, cancer genotherapy, and protein therapy. In the first case, its feature makes magnetite useful in magnetic hyperthermia. Interaction of magnetite with the altered magnetic field generates heat. This process results in raised temperature only in a desired part of a patient body. In other therapies, magnetite-based nanoparticles could serve as a carrier for various types of therapeutic load. The magnetic field would direct the drug-related magnetite nanoparticles to the pathological site. Therefore, this material can be used in protein and gene therapy or drug delivery. Since the magnetite nanoparticle can be used in various types of cancer treatment, they are extensively studied. Herein, we summarize the latest finding on the applicability of the magnetite nanoparticles, also addressing the most critical problems faced by smart nanomedicine in oncological therapies.

show abstract

Section: Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite Nanoparticles in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Cancer Therapies: Challenges and Perspectives

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and storage conditions on test robustness still needs to be explored, especially when considering for use in low-resource settings. 46 Results presented here can be used toward the development of COVID-19 paper-based dipstick and lateral flow assays, a rapid diagnostic format that has aided in disease management, quarantine, and surveillance. The low production cost and relative ease of use of paper rapid diagnostics makes them suitable for both local and large-scale production, making it a potentially powerful off-the-shelf complement to RT-PCR, which could help elevate strain on local diagnostic facilities to meet the massive demand for tests.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BSA was used here as a test case in which the performance could be quantified and compared to a behavior in the running media of human saliva and serum, which were investigated as real biological media. Ultimately, the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and storage conditions on test robustness still needs to be explored, especially when considering for use in low-resource settings …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 first appeared in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has become a global pandemic. A robust and scalable diagnostics strategy is crucial for containing and monitoring the pandemic. RT-PCR is a known, reliable method for COVID-19 diagnostics, which can differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, PCR is location-dependent, time-consuming, and relatively expensive. Thus, there is a need for a more flexible method, which may be produced in an off-the-shelf format and distributed more widely. Paper-based immunoassays can fulfill this function. Here, we present the first steps toward a paper-based test, which can differentiate between different spike proteins of various coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and CoV-HKU1, with negligible cross-reactivity for HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in a single assay, which takes less than 30 min. Furthermore, our test can distinguish between fractions of the same spike protein. This is done by an altered assay design with four test line locations where each antigen builds a unique, identifiable binding pattern. The effect of several factors, such as running media, immunoprobe concentration, and antigen interference, is considered. We find that running media has a significant effect on the final binding pattern where human saliva provides results while human serum leads to the lowest signal quality.

show abstract

“…[ 8 ] However, this requires centralized manufacturing facilities entailing costly maintenance/repair, [ 9 ] thereby increasing the assay cost and potentially limiting local distribution amidst a pandemic. [ 10 ] An approach under research, wherein the assay reagents are encapsulated in tablet shapes (using compression or casting methods), has been demonstrated as effective for cold‐chain‐free reagent storage. [ 11 ] However, the rigid conformations of such tablets limit their flexible implementation in various POCT platforms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reagent Filming for Universal Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics

Han

Jang

et al. 2021

Small Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

health centers or outdoor clinics, compact and simple POCT platforms, such as lateral flow assay (LFA), make diagnostic tests highly accessible, affordable, and easily operable by nonexperts without complex instrumentation, allowing for disease diagnosis in resource-limited settings. [3] As such, because POCT can be used in a wide range of environments, the components used for POCT, especially bio/chemical reagents involved in assays, must be maintained robustly to ensure reproducible and reliable test results regardless of the resource setting. [4] However, diagnostic tests for POCT are engineered based on assays and sensing principles employed in solution-based conventional laboratory tests; thus, they share labile biochemical reagents (i.e., antibodies (Ab), enzymes, nucleic acids, and organic/inorganic compounds) that benefit from a cold chain (4 or −20 °C) for stable storage. Nevertheless, most communities relying on POCT have uncontrolled environments, such as much higher temperatures than in laboratory settings and restricted cold-chain infrastructure, limiting the facile translation of well-validated diagnostic assays toward accessible POCT in the field. [5] This situation introduces a critical challenge in POCT, namely, realizing cold-chain-free storage of assay reagents that require a cold chain during transportation to and storage at the end-user location.Maintaining the stability of assay reagents is essential to ensure the quality and reliability of diagnostic tests. Healthcare issues, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the shifting of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) toward developing countries, continue to occur globally. [6] Therefore, there is an increasing need for preventive and impactful disease control via POCTbased high-performance diagnostic measures (e.g., a high-sensitivity immunoassay or point-of-care nucleic acid test [POC-NAT]), [7] which utilize multiple reagents that are more sensitive than those in conventional POCT and therefore require strict maintenance of reagent stability. To resolve this problem, many commercial assays, such as POC-NAT, have adopted lyophilized reagents stored in disposable cartridges for cold-chainfree storage. [8] However, this requires centralized manufacturing facilities entailing costly maintenance/repair, [9] thereby increasing the assay cost and potentially limiting local distribution amidst a pandemic. [10] An approach under research, wherein the assay reagents are encapsulated in tablet shapes (using compression or casting methods), has been demonstrated as effective for cold-chain-free reagent storage. [11] However, the rigid Simplifying assays while maintaining the robustness of reagents is a challenge in diagnostics. This problem is exacerbated when translating quality diagnostic assays to developing countries that lack resources and infrastructure such as trained health workers, high-end equipment, and cold-chain systems. To solve this problem, in this study, a simple solution that films assay reagents to simplify the operation of diagnostic assay...

show abstract

Local development of nanotechnology-based diagnostics

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Magnetite Nanoparticles in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Cancer Therapies: Challenges and Perspectives

Magnetite Nanoparticles in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Cancer Therapies: Challenges and Perspectives

Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants

Reagent Filming for Universal Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About