Local exposure to inequality raises support of people of low wealth for taxing the wealthy

Sands, Melissa L.; Kadt, Daniel de

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2763-1

Cited by 59 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Future research should employ customized experimental designs to investigate how perceptions of fairness and behavioral motivations change when inequality is more or less salient. The work of Molina et al [ 82 ] and Sands [ 83 , 84 ] exemplify how this can be accomplished with two-player games and field experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and fairness with heterogeneous endowments

Tsvetkova

Vuculescu²,

Dinev³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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People differ in intelligence, cognitive ability, personality traits, motivation, and similar valued and, to a large degree, inherited characteristics that determine success and achievements. When does individual heterogeneity lead to a fair distribution of rewards and outcomes? Here, we develop this question theoretically and then test it experimentally for a set of structural conditions in a specific interaction situation. We first catalogue the functional relationship between individual endowments and outcomes to distinguish between fairness concepts such as meritocracy, equality of opportunity, equality of outcomes, and Rawl’s theory of justice. We then use an online experiment to study which of these fairness patterns emerge when differently endowed individuals can share their resources with others, depending on whether information about others’ endowments and outcomes is available. We find that while visible outcomes lessen inequality by decreasing the statistical dispersion of outcomes across the group, endowments need to be visible for better equality of opportunity for the most disadvantaged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and fairness with heterogeneous endowments

Tsvetkova

Vuculescu²,

Dinev³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Studies have shown that income inequality is detrimental to health, well-being, and social cohesion Du & King, 2022 (Wilkinson & Pickett, 2009a, 2009b, 2018). It has been widely investigated in the fields of political science (Engler & Weisstanner, 2020; Sands & Kadt, 2020), economics (Zucman, 2019), sociology (Fligstein et al, 2017), and epidemiology (Brinda et al, 2015; Chastin et al, 2020; Elgar, 2020) among others.…”

Section: Income Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater income inequality, lower school belonging: Multilevel and cross-temporal analyses of 65 countries.

King¹,

Chiu²,

Du³

2022

Journal of Educational Psychology

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Students' school belonging is critical to overall functioning. Most past studies of school belonging's antecedents focused on individual-level and proximal environmental factors, neglecting broader socioecological factors such as income inequality. Hence, this study examined whether income inequality is associated with students' school belonging. We further examined whether having high socioeconomic status could buffer the harmful consequences of income inequality on school belonging. We drew on 822,230 students' survey responses from 65 countries/regions using 3 waves of data (2000; 2003; and 2012) from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). Multilevel and cross-temporal analyses were used. Results showed that country-level income inequality in the past year was associated with lower school belonging, controlling for other variables at the country, school, and student-levels. School and family socioeconomic status moderated the effects of inequality. More specifically, for students in more affluent schools and more advantaged families, the association between inequality and belonging was weaker. This study demonstrates the importance of income inequality and the buffering role played by socioeconomic status in school belonging. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Educational Impact and ImplicationsIn societies with higher levels of income inequality, students experienced lower levels of school belonging. However, being from an advantaged family and a more affluent school seemed to have a protective function. The negative association between inequality and belonging was lower for students from more affluent families and schools. This study showed the importance of income inequality on school belonging and highlighted the roles played by socioeconomic resources in buffering inequality's potentially harmful consequences.

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“…Furthermore, support for taxing wealth increased when it was stated that the source of wealth came from an inheritance rather than previous earnings. Sands and de Kadt (2020) suggest that symbols of wealth can also raise support for taxing wealth. These researchers conducted an experiment in South Africa in which interviewers approached people in the street in low-income neighbourhoods to ask about their opinions on taxing wealth.…”

Section: Context and Tax Proposalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the Barriers to Taxing Wealth? The Case of a Wealth Tax Proposal in the UK

Prabhakar

2021

J. Soc. Pol.

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Over the past decade there have been repeated calls for the greater taxation of wealth. These calls have had little impact on policy. There has been a global trend to reduce or abolish taxes on wealth. The contrast suggests that it may be better now to explore how taxes on wealth may be made a reality rather than designing new tax proposals. What are the barriers to tax wealth? This paper addresses this by conducting a case study of a high profile plan for introducing a one-off wealth tax in the UK. It identifies a tyranny of the status quo, framing and the policy process as key barriers to tax reform. It uses thematic analysis to study how the plans for a one-off wealth tax were discussed in the media and the UK Parliament. This paper argues that there were important shortfalls in both the way the case for a wealth tax was framed as well as the engagement with the policy process. It claims that a stronger framing would have discussed wealth inequality in greater depth and there was a need for a less equivocal case to Parliamentarians.

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Local exposure to inequality raises support of people of low wealth for taxing the wealthy

Cited by 59 publications

References 64 publications

Inequality and fairness with heterogeneous endowments

Inequality and fairness with heterogeneous endowments

Greater income inequality, lower school belonging: Multilevel and cross-temporal analyses of 65 countries.

What are the Barriers to Taxing Wealth? The Case of a Wealth Tax Proposal in the UK

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