Local extinction processes rather than edge effects affect ground beetle assemblages from fragmented and urbanised old beech forests

Gaublomme, Eva; Eggermont, Hilde; Hendrickx, Frederik

doi:10.1111/icad.12036

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The relatively large contribution of landscape fragmentation to patterns of extinction is interesting. In general, highly fragmented habitats tend to exhibit pervasive turnover in community composition (Krauss et al ., ; Borgella & Gavin, ; Banks‐Leite et al ., ) – a likely result of reduced effective population sizes that increase vulnerability to demographic or environmental stochasticity (Gaublomme et al ., ). Our results, however, contrast with these widely held views.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial scaling of temporal changes in avian communities

Jarzyna

Zuckerberg

Porter

et al. 2015

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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Aim Biodiversity patterns and the mechanisms driving these patterns are inherently scale dependent. Studies investigating biodiversity scaling have focused mostly on evaluating community turnover without taking into consideration its underlying processes of local extinction (hereafter, extinction) and colonization. Our goal was to evaluate the spatial scaling of change in avian assemblages through time and identify environmental drivers of community‐wide dynamics across a range of spatial scales, with a focus on extinction and colonization. Location New York State. Methods We analysed community dissimilarity, temporal turnover, extinction and colonization as measures of temporal change in avian communities at five spatial resolutions (5 × 5, 10 × 10, 20 × 20, 40 × 40 and 80 km × 80 km). We evaluated the relationships between community change and change in climatic conditions, landscape fragmentation and elevation at each spatial grain using Bayesian spatially varying intercept models. Results We found that the decline in colonization with increasing spatial scale was less steep than the decline in community dissimilarity, temporal turnover or extinction. We also found that the importance of environmental drivers to community change was dependent on both scale and metric, though we did not find optimal spatial scales at which either landscape or climatic processes consistently drove patterns of community change. Landscape characteristics were the most important correlate of extinction at all spatial scales, while colonization was not predicted well by any of the environmental factors. Main conclusions The slower decline in colonization across spatial grains is probably a consequence of the high mobility and dispersal abilities of birds. We further conclude that the two processes underlying community change – extinction and colonization – are driven by different factors. Landscape characteristics strongly affect the rates of extinctions in avian communities. On the contrary, patterns of colonization are likely to be a result of intrinsic characteristics of birds – specifically, high dispersal ability – that allow them to colonize new sites, regardless of the environmental context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial scaling of temporal changes in avian communities

Jarzyna

Zuckerberg

Porter

et al. 2015

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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“…Turnover in community composition in highly fragmented landscapes is generally pervasive (Krauss et al, 2003;Borgella & Gavin, 2005;Banks-Leite et al, 2012). This high compositional turnover is expected to result from small local population sizes, which increase the effect of demographic or environmental stochasticity (Gaublomme et al, 2014). On the other hand, stochastic events tend to be less important in contiguous landscapes because independent individual events tend to average out in populations of larger sizes (Lande, 1993;Goulart et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, fragmented habitats tend to support smaller populations than contiguous, unfragmented regions. Small local population sizes generally increase the effect of demographic or environmental stochasticity (Gaublomme et al, 2014), resulting in higher turnover in community composition compared with that of regions supporting large populations (Banks-Leite et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape fragmentation affects responses of avian communities to climate change

Jarzyna

Porter

Maurer

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Forecasting the consequences of climate change is contingent upon our understanding of the relationship between biodiversity patterns and climatic variability. While the impacts of climate change on individual species have been well-documented, there is a paucity of studies on climate-mediated changes in community dynamics. Our objectives were to investigate the relationship between temporal turnover in avian biodiversity and changes in climatic conditions and to assess the role of landscape fragmentation in affecting this relationship. We hypothesized that community turnover would be highest in regions experiencing the most pronounced changes in climate and that these patterns would be reduced in human-dominated landscapes. To test this hypothesis, we quantified temporal turnover in avian communities over a 20-year period using data from the New York State Breeding Atlases collected during 1980-1985 and 2000-2005. We applied Bayesian spatially varying intercept models to evaluate the relationship between temporal turnover and temporal trends in climatic conditions and landscape fragmentation. We found that models including interaction terms between climate change and landscape fragmentation were superior to models without the interaction terms, suggesting that the relationship between avian community turnover and changes in climatic conditions was affected by the level of landscape fragmentation. Specifically, we found weaker associations between temporal turnover and climatic change in regions with prevalent habitat fragmentation. We suggest that avian communities in fragmented landscapes are more robust to climate change than communities found in contiguous habitats because they are comprised of species with wider thermal niches and thus are less susceptible to shifts in climatic variability. We conclude that highly fragmented regions are likely to undergo less pronounced changes in composition and structure of faunal communities as a result of climate change, whereas those changes are likely to be greater in contiguous and unfragmented habitats.

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“…A total of 99 carabid species were collected in ten different forest fragments, situated around the capital Brussels in Belgium [36]. 70 species were collected in three forests of the Olsztyn (Poland) during one year [37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Landscape on the Diversity in Urban Green Areas

Kirichenko-Babko

Łagód

Majerek

et al. 2017

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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This article presented the results of a comparative analysis of carabid species compositions (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in urban green areas of the City of Lublin, Eastern Poland. In this study, the occurrence and abundance of ground beetles were analysed according to habitat preference and dispersal ability. A total of 65 carabid species were found in the three green areas. Obviously, the high species richness of ground beetles in the greenery of the Lublin is determined by the mostly undeveloped floodplain of the river Bystrzyca. The species richness of carabids and their relative abundance decrease in the assemblage of green areas under the effect of isolation of green patches and fragmentation of the semi-natural landscape elements in the urban environment. Generalists and open-habitat species significantly prevailed in all green areas. The prevailing of riparian and forest species at floodplain sites of the river Bystrzyca demonstrated the existence of a connection of the carabid assemblage with landscape of river valley. The Saski Park and gully "Rury" are more influenced by urbanization (fragmentation, isolation of green patches) and recreation that is consistent with the significant prevalence of open-habitats species in the carabid beetle assemblage.

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Local extinction processes rather than edge effects affect ground beetle assemblages from fragmented and urbanised old beech forests

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Spatial scaling of temporal changes in avian communities

Spatial scaling of temporal changes in avian communities

Landscape fragmentation affects responses of avian communities to climate change

The Effect of Landscape on the Diversity in Urban Green Areas

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