Local Gingival Blood Flow at Healthy and Inflamed Sites Measured by Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Gleissner, Christiane; Kempski, Oliver; Peylo, Stephan; Glatzel, Johannes Holger; Willershausen, Brita

doi:10.1902/jop.2006.050194

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, in the same species, Baab and Öberg (2) found no significant correlation between the gingival index, GCF and blood flow and the elimination of the inflammation did not result in a decrease in blood flow either. In humans, experimentally induced gingivitis resulted in decreased blood flow to the gingiva (11,33) whereas developed gingivitis resulted in increased blood flow (11). GBF at rest was found to be smaller in periodontitis patients compared to the reference subjects (34) and the treatment of gingivitis (58) or periodontitis (15) reduced blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…One possible explanation for conflicting results is variations in gingival blood flow as a function of time and the location of the laser Doppler probe. Temporal variation related to biological variation may be influenced by many physiological factors in addition to the inflammation, such as circadian rhythm (54), blood pressure (50), temperature (20) or tooth brushing (11,45,55). Furthermore, although no data are available about the effects of disinfectant mouth rinses, eating and drinking on GBF they may also influence the recordings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Molnár

Lohinai

Demeter

et al. 2015

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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Periodontal inflammation is associated with morphological changes in the blood vessels which may influence the regulation of gingival blood flow (GBF). Our aim was to adapt the heat provocation test to the human gingiva to assess vascular reactivity in periodontal inflammation. Method: GBF was recorded by Laser Doppler Flowmetry before and after heat provocation in healthy volunteers (n = 50). Heat was generated either by warm saline or a halogen lamp. The latter method was also utilized for a heat test in non-smoking and smoking patients with periodontal inflammation. The circulatory parameters were correlated to the inflammatory marker, i.e. gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) production measured by Periotron. Results: Local application of heat caused a rapid, significant and transient increase in GBF regardless of the method used. The increase in the speed and not in the concentration of moving blood cells was responsible for increased GBF. Higher GCF values were correlated with increased peak flow, flux pulse amplitude and faster restoration of GBF after the test in non-smokers, but not in smokers. Conclusions: The heat test could be a valuable tool to check the vascular reactivity of gingival vessels. Moderate periodontal inflammation may facilitate gingival vascular responsiveness which can be suppressed by smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Molnár

Lohinai

Demeter

et al. 2015

Acta Physiologica Hungarica

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show abstract

“…It was demonstrated that laser Doppler flow readings (LDFRs) are positively correlated with the degree of gingival inflammation. LDFRs values were significantly higher in patients with experimental gingivitis than in healthy subjects [40]. Krishnan and coworkers also reported that orthodontic appliances can evoke local soft-tissue responses in many ways [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in gingival blood flow during orthodontic treatment

et al. 2010

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the changes in gingival blood flow due to orthodontic forces. Eleven volunteers, with the maxillary canine in an ectopic position were tested. A Laser Doppler Flowmeter (LDF) with a gingival probe was used, registering both the blood flow and temperature of the gingivae. After baseline measurement, a fixed orthodontic appliance was bonded. Measurements were repeated monthly, after activation of the appliance. The study lasted 6 months. The baseline value was 338.7 ± 201.56 P.U. [Perfusion Unit (mean ± S.D.)] which decreased to 218.9 ± 74.83 P.U. (p < 0.05) after two months and the final value of 363.9 ± 194.86 P.U was not significantly different from that initially (p > 0.5). The results showed that application of a force of 75 g resulted in a decrease in gingival blood flow up to 50%, but this returned to previous values after a few months. The study supports this measurement technique as a useful tool for monitoring gingival blood flow in long-term studies as well.

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“…6,7 When an infrared laser is exposed to red blood cells in microvessels, reflection and scattering occur, and Doppler shift causes a frequency change between the incidence and reflection in proportion to blood flow. This method has been introduced in dentistry, revealing the relationship between periodontal disease and blood flow in gingival, 8 blood flow recovery process analysis in periodontal surgery, 9,10 and the relationship between smoking and gingival blood flow. 11,12 It has also been applied to orthopedics to evaluate blood flow in joints, [13][14][15] to evaluate the effect of postoperative joint surgery, 16 and to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Real-Time Blood Flow and Temperature of Soft Tissue Around Maxillary Anterior Implants

et al. 2012

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Local Gingival Blood Flow at Healthy and Inflamed Sites Measured by Laser Doppler Flowmetry

Abstract: LDFRs are positively correlated with the degree of gingival inflammation. GBF demonstrated significant differences in EG and CG. Modifications of the probe are needed to enhance its clinical applicability in clinical research of periodontal diseases.

Cited by 44 publications

References 49 publications

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Assessment of heat provocation tests on the human gingiva: the effect of periodontal disease and smoking

Changes in gingival blood flow during orthodontic treatment

Two-Dimensional Real-Time Blood Flow and Temperature of Soft Tissue Around Maxillary Anterior Implants

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