Local Hosting Capacity Increase by Means of Wind Farm Voltage Control Provision

PV Hosting Capacity Dependence on Harmonic Voltage Distortion in Low-Voltage Grids: Model Validation with Experimental Data

“…If we use (13) and notice that, for V ≤ 1 kV, standards require individual voltage distortion to be below 5% for h ≥ 2 and below 105% for the fundamental frequency, h = 1, then, the hosting capacity is given by (14).…”

“…The calculation of the hosting capacity using (14) considers the voltage harmonics, from the fundamental order up to the 51st harmonic order, as well as performance index limits, which depend on local standards [6,[11][12][13]. Moreover, the injection of harmonic current into the system depends Energies 2018, 11, 465 6 of 13 on the equipment connected at the PCC and the PV system inverters.…”

“…The maximum PV generation that can be integrated into the system is called PV hosting capacity [7,[11][12][13][14][15][16]. In this section, PV hosting capacity is defined with respect to voltage rise caused by harmonic voltage disturbances at the point of common coupling (PCC).…”

“…Depending on the DER connection point and network characteristics of the electrical network system, voltage distortion caused by harmonic current injection may, or may not, reduce the system hosting capacity beyond the limits imposed by the maximum rise of the fundamental voltage component [4][5][6].The impact of DG can be quantified using a set of power indicators. The nature of the impact depends on the characteristics of the network system itself [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. For PV systems, a feeder's PV hosting capacity may be defined as the largest PV generation which can be integrated without violating the limits of these feeders to which it is connected.…”

Autonomous Voltage Security Regions to Prevent Cascading Trip Faults in Wind Turbine Generators

“…There are several voltage-related challenges for accommodating large-scale wind power such as voltage fluctuations and the voltage stability under disturbances. In order to address these operation issues in wind power grid, a number of techniques have been developed to enhance the wind power hosting capacity and stability of the power system [1][2][3][4][5], maintain the voltage of the wind power integration area within limits [6][7][8][9][10][11] and maintain an appropriate voltage profile with the help of on-load tap changes (OLTCs) and capacitor/reactor banks [25][26][27]. Furthermore, static methods such as PV curves and continuation power flow (CPF) are used to analyze the risk of voltage instability from the perspective of voltage stability in wind systems.…”