IntroductionInfertility is defined as the failure of pregnancy following one year of unprotected sexual intercourse without using contraception. Approximately 85%-90% of healthy couples will be pregnant within 6 months in a year, and often infertility affects about 10%-15% of couples (1). Contrary to public perception, the fertility rate has remained relatively unchanged over the past 3 decades, however, the evaluation and treatment of infertility has changed dramatically over the same period. Several important advances in this field have the greatest impact; the most important of which are in vitro fertilization (IVF) and assisted reproductive technology (ART) (1). Approximately one third of women who have attempted for IVF have become pregnant. Thus, failure in this process implies on a defect in implantation of embryo or shortly after it (1). Although delivery rate has improved enormously following embryo transfer during IVF, it is clear that the majority of IVF-ET cycles are still not successful, and in most cases, an obvious explanation does not exist except for the failure of the replacement process (1). Controlled ovarian hyper (COH) stimulation is an important factor in the success of IVF-ET. However, despite great advances in ovarian stimulation protocols and fertilization, implantation per embryos is roughly 15%, thus a lot of couples have left fertility treatment after failure in pregnancy (2). In couples with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) (i.e. after 3 cycles of good embryo transfer are not pregnant) a series of multiple therapeutic strategies have been proposed, including hysteroscopy, endometrial trauma and changes in stimulation protocols, blastocyst assisted hatching transfer and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for aneuploidy. The advantage of the strategies over each other, however, is not clear. Local trauma to the endometrium in candidate patients for IVF may lead to acidolization and increased potential of implantation failure (2). Prognostic factors in IVF success depends on factors including maternal age, ovarian reserve status and pre-ability of the reproductive system. Younger women with normal ovarian reserve have more probability of pregnancy in comparison with older woman with diminished ovarian reserve. Also, women who have previously failed IVF Abstract Objectives: These days, infertility is one of the most common diseases in the community involving 10%-15% of the couples. One method of infertility treatment is assisted reproductive technology (ART). Recently studies have shown that local endometrial injury in patients treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) cause treatment failure and subsequently decrease the implantation rates. The aim of this study was to show the direct relationship between local endometrial injury and increasing recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Materials and Methods: Our study populations included patients that experienced at least two or more RIFs during IVF which was performed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Tabriz Uni...