Abstract. We study the growth of X and p ∞ -Selmer groups for isogenous abelian varieties in towers of number fields, with an emphasis on elliptic curves. The growth types are usually exponential, as in the setting of 'positive µ-invariant' in Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves. The towers we consider are p-adic and l-adic Lie extensions for l = p, in particular cyclotomic and other Z l -extensions.