Local market of solar water heaters in Taiwan: Review and perspectives

Chang, Keh‐Chin; Lin, Wei‐Chieh; Lee, Tsong-Sheng; Chung, Kung Ming

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.031

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Further, with a service period for SWHs less than 15 years, the effective accumulated area of solar collector installed was approximately 1.5 million m 2 (or 0.3 million systems in operation) in 2013. Popularization of SWHs in Taiwan is strongly correlated with the demographic characteristics of households (Chang et al 2009). From 2001 to 2011, the market share of SWHs for one-or two-person households contributed only 1.4%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, Islam et al (2013) demonstrated that the installation of an SWH with a large A SC is more feasible compared to a small unit installed in terms of energy conservation and per unit energy cost over initial costs. Note that the initial cost per A SC can be cut in half for a larger scale system in Taiwan (Chang et al 2009). For the field measurements by Lin et al (2012), a solar meter, power meter, flow meter, and temperature sensors were employed to monitor thermal efficiency and actual thermal output of the system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incentives to using solar thermal energy in Taiwan

2015

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A national subsidy program is one of the key elements for translating customer choice into a larger market share for renewable energies. Since solar water heaters (SWHs) are a cost-effective and mature technology, purchase-based subsidy programs have been sponsored by the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs (BEMOEA) in Taiwan. The market of SWHs is associated with economic factors, population characteristics, degree of urbanization (available roof space), and climatic conditions. Regional programs have also affected the growth in sales. However, the penetration rates are still low, and the local market has changed little in recent years. Thus, the timing of the termination of the long-duration subsidy program is a subject of debate. In this study, a new scheme in the residential sector is proposed in the period of 2016 to 2019. In addition, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) make up the majority of Taiwanese companies. Most SMEs suffer from insufficient capital to support their commercial activities. To prompt solar thermal energy in the commercial sector, the energy service company (ESCO) business model can be adopted. The same feed-in tariffs for PV systems can be granted for SWHs and photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) systems with performance-based subsidies to end users or ESCOs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentives to using solar thermal energy in Taiwan

2015

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“…Moreover, architectural type of buildings is one of the major concerns for available installation location of SWHs. The results of household questionnaire survey indicated that three-and four-story houses accounted for 36.4% and 38.4% of SWHs installed in Taiwan, respectively [5]. In Kinmen and Penghu Counties, as shown in Figure 2, two-and three-story houses are the major types of housing, say 76.8% and 62.8%, respectively.…”

Section: Background: Kinmen and Penghu Countiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, significant efforts have been devoted during the past three decades toward the development and dissemination of biomass energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, photovoltaic energy, solar thermal energy and wind power generation [2], despite the intermittent OPEN ACCESS nature of those renewable energy resources. For solar thermal energy, it is known to be the most widely used in many countries [3][4][5][6][7]. In Taiwan, the climatic conditions are predominantly very sunny, with daily average solar radiation of 3.25 kWh/m 2 in the north and 4.64 kWh/m 2 in the south.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of Solar Water Heaters in Taiwan: The Case of Remote Islands

et al. 2013

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Solar water heaters represent the success story in the development of renewable energy in Taiwan. With increasing public awareness, there are over 0.3 million residential systems in operation. To disseminate solar water heaters in remote islands, economic feasibility and water quality are taken into account in this study. The payback period in Kinmen and Penghu Counties are evaluated, according to effective annual solar energy gain, hot water consumption pattern and cost. Assessment of the scaling and corrosion tendencies for solar water heaters using tap and underground water are also presented. For flat-plate solar collectors with metal components, favorable corrosion resistance and protective anti-corrosion coatings are required.

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“…With the good insolation conditions and economic incentives by the government, the use of SWHs is widespread in Taiwan (22°-25°N) [11]. The installed solar collector area is around 120,000 m 2 per annum now, while there are only limited large-scale systems installed [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Thermosyphon Solar Water Heaters in Series

et al. 2012

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More than a single thermosyphon solar water heater may be employed in applications when considerable hot water consumption is required. In this experimental investigation, eight typical Taiwanese solar water heaters were connected in series. Degree of temperature stratification and thermosyphon flow rate in a horizontal tank were evaluated. The system was tested under no-load, intermittent and continuous load conditions. Results showed that there was stratification in tanks under the no-load condition. Temperature stratification also redeveloped after the draw-off. Analysis of thermal performance of the system was conducted for each condition.

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Local market of solar water heaters in Taiwan: Review and perspectives

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Incentives to using solar thermal energy in Taiwan

Incentives to using solar thermal energy in Taiwan

Dissemination of Solar Water Heaters in Taiwan: The Case of Remote Islands

Performance of Thermosyphon Solar Water Heaters in Series

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