Local perceptions of risk associated with poaching of wildlife implicated in human-wildlife conflicts in Namibia

Kahler, Jessica S.; Gore, Meredith L.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.001

Cited by 49 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…; Thorn et al . ; Kahler & Gore ). Human‐mediated carnivore mortality is widespread, especially amongst livestock and game ranchers in Limpopo (St John et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consequences of decreased tolerance towards ecologically important free-ranging wildlife is likely to have significant detrimental impacts on species persistence and ecological systems more broadly (Ripple et al 2014(Ripple et al , 2015. Unreported and illegal killing of wildlife is a pertinent issue across southern Africa (St John et al 2012;Thorn et al 2013;Kahler & Gore 2015). Human-mediated carnivore mortality is widespread, especially amongst livestock and game ranchers in Limpopo (St John et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Conservation Costs of Game Ranching

Pitman

Fattebert

Williams

et al. 2016

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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The devolution of user rights of wildlife in southern Africa has led to a widespread land-use shift from livestock farming to game ranching. The economic advantages of game ranching over livestock farming are significant, but so too are the risks associated with breeding financially valuable game where free-ranging wildlife pose a credible threat. Here, we assessed whether the conservation potential of game ranching, and a decentralized approach to conservation more generally, may be undermined by an increase in human-wildlife conflict. We demonstrate that game rancher tolerance towards free-ranging wildlife has significantly decreased as the game ranching industry has evolved. Our findings reveal a conflict of interest between wealth and wildlife conservation resulting from local decision making in the absence of adequate centralized governance and evidence-based best practice. As a fundamental pillar of devolution-based natural resource management, game ranching proves an important mechanism for economic growth, albeit at a significant cost to conservation.

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“…; Thorn et al . ; Kahler & Gore ). Human‐mediated carnivore mortality is widespread, especially amongst livestock and game ranchers in Limpopo (St John et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Conservation Costs of Game Ranching

Pitman

Fattebert

Williams

et al. 2016

CONSERVATION LETTERS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Two papers discuss attitudes and policies related to non-compliance; Kahler and Gore (2015) examine perceived poaching related risk in Namibia and Browne-Nuñez et al (2015) use focus groups and anonymous questionnaires concerning wolves in the U.S. Two papers focus on management and policy related to fisheries. Lewis (2015) examines the effectiveness of management interventions with the red abalone fishery in the U.S. using the randomized response technique and Sjöstedt and Sundström (2015) provide perspective on institutional arrangements in South Africa and Namibia.…”

Section: This Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and understanding non-compliance with conservation rules

Solomon

Gavin

Gore

2015

Biological Conservation

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a b s t r a c tThis paper establishes the context for the special issue, ''Detecting and Understanding Violations of Conservation Rules''. Illicit or non-compliant human behaviors may occur in all ecosystems and range from subsistence illegal resource collection to poaching by organized criminal syndicates. Such acts have an enormous impact on social-ecological systems, but monitoring non-compliance is challenging, primarily because the topic is sensitive and victims are voiceless. The future of many conservation areas depends upon compliance with conservation rules. However, with a growing human population, consumptive societies, and rapid expansion of business opportunities fueled by new technology, there is little doubt that demand will remain steady or increase for many of our natural resources. We outline major conservation compliance issues and impacts, and review models and methods used to monitor and respond to the problem for both subsistence and commercial non-compliance.

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“…Eland in particular are sensitive to human disturbance, highly sought after for their meat, and hunted readily without firearms (D. Keeping personal observation ). Warthog decreases may be due to retaliation and or poaching, as warthogs can cause agricultural damages and are often hunted opportunistically (Kalher & Gore, ; Swanepoel, Leslie, & Hoffman, ). Elephant populations have declined across the African continent (with the exception of a few national park areas) (Chase et al., ) with poaching possibly being a major driver in Namibia (Nakale, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin formula to convert mammal spoor counts into density estimates for long‐term community‐level monitoring

et al. 2019

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Finding an appropriate method to monitor a wide range of mammal species simultaneously is notoriously difficult, as each method has its limitations. Here, we examine a formula, known as the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin (FMP), which uses mean daily travel distances (day ranges) to convert spoor counts into density estimates. Availability of accurate estimates of day ranges is a limitation of the FMP formula. Here, we used allometry to estimate day ranges for those species that lacked empirical movement data and general additive models (GAM) to assess trends in density estimates. With this approach, we derived density estimates for 10 mammal species, regardless of whether they were abundant, or rare and elusive (e.g. carnivores). General additive models suggest that six species are stable or increasing, and four declining, although all nonsignificantly. Use of allometric estimates in lieu of empirical estimates led to falsely increased precision in density estimates, highlighting the need to fill the knowledge gap in movement ecology for certain species. Simulations were used to examine error introduced into trend estimates by this bias. We conclude that the FMP formula, when properly employed, can be an efficient method for simultaneous monitoring of multispecies in different functional groups.

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Local perceptions of risk associated with poaching of wildlife implicated in human-wildlife conflicts in Namibia

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

The Conservation Costs of Game Ranching

The Conservation Costs of Game Ranching

Detecting and understanding non-compliance with conservation rules

Using the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin formula to convert mammal spoor counts into density estimates for long‐term community‐level monitoring

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