Local spinal cord blood flow in experimental traumatic myelopathy

Kobrine, Arthur I.; Doyle, Thomas F.; Martins, Albert N.

doi:10.3171/jns.1975.42.2.0144

Cited by 129 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kobrine and associates' experimental study 46 investigating the impact of severe (600 g/cm) injury in monkeys opposes this theory. In the lateral white matter SCBF more than doubled (p < 0.01) within 1 hour of injury and returned to normal after 8 hours.…”

Section: Gray To White Injurymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…70 The increase in SCBF in white matter after injury also could be a response to increased metabolic demand or loss of autoregulation and subsequent vascular dilation as a direct result of trauma. 46 A documented increase in histamine levels at the site of trauma, known to cause vascular dilation by weakening vascular tone, also explains the increased blood flow in white matter.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood supply and vascular reactivity of the spinal cord under normal and pathological conditions

Martirosyan¹,

Feuerstein²,

Theodore³

et al. 2011

SPI

196

133

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The authors present a review of spinal cord blood supply, discussing the anatomy of the vascular system and physiological aspects of blood flow regulation in normal and injured spinal cords. Unique anatomical functional properties of vessels and blood supply determine the susceptibility of the spinal cord to damage, especially ischemia. Spinal cord injury (SCI), for example, complicating thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair is associated with ischemic trauma. The rate of this devastating complication has been decreased significantly by instituting physiological methods of protection. Traumatic SCI causes complex changes in spinal cord blood flow, which are closely related to the severity of injury. Manipulating physiological parameters such as mean arterial blood pressure and intrathecal pressure may be beneficial for patients with an SCI. Studying the physiopathological processes of the spinal cord under vascular compromise remains challenging because of its central role in almost all of the body's hemodynamic and neurofunctional processes.

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Section: Gray To White Injurymentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood supply and vascular reactivity of the spinal cord under normal and pathological conditions

Martirosyan¹,

Feuerstein²,

Theodore³

et al. 2011

SPI

196

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subsequently, after studies of the physiopathology, we saw that axial tensions and angulations were much more important factors. (Breig, 1960;Holdsworth, 1963;Kobrine, 1975;Torre, 1981). For these reasons, laminectomy has been relegated to a second…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the follow ing protocol we decided on surgical or non-surgical treatment for the spinal cord injury (Green, 1981;Harris, 1978;Holdsworth, 1975;Kobrine, 1975;Masini and Walters, 1986). …”

Section: Clinical Materials and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience with a spinal cord unit in Brasilia, Brazil

Masini¹,

Neto²,

Neves³

1990

Spinal Cord

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SummaryWe have analysed our experiences in a Spinal Cord Unit in Brasilia, Brazil in the last 5 years (1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986). There were 738 outpatients and 243 inpatients.One hundred and six patients were operated on by the neurosurgical staff, and the indications for operation are discussed. Some patients showed neurological recovery with surgery and some without surgery. Patients with a complete neuro logical deficit on admission did not show any improvement, and those with a severe but incomplete deficit showed improvement with surgery (18%), which was better than those without an operation. We conclude that a surgical proce dure seems to be indicated in those with a comminuted, or with an unstable fracture, if there is an incomplete neurological deficit with an unreduced spinal deformity. There was a possibility of recovery of some nerve root function. The goal of surgical treatment is to restore and maintain the anatomical relationships between the spinal canal, spinal cord and nerve roots with the simplest possible surgical procedure, returning the patient as soon as possible to his functional capacity and social life.

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“…It was shown that H, and Hj antagonists, administered systemically together, prevented hyperemia that develops in tissue adjacent to an injured segment of spinal cord. 17 Clasen et al" tried unsuccessfully to reduce the amount of edema produced by a standardized cryogenically induced cerebral injury with a combination of a glucocorticosteroid and the H t antagonist chlorpheniramine. Outside of the central nervous system, HA increases vascular permeability"' M that leads to plasma exudation and the accumulation of interstitial edema.…”

Section: S3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of cerebral circulation to topical histamine.

Martins¹,

Doyle²,

Wright³

et al. 1980

Stroke

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SUMMARY To study the effect of histamine (HA) on brain blood flow and capillary permeability, bilateral parietal craniectomies were made in cats anesthetized with nitrous oxide and ketamine. The dura was reraored and solutions of HA in mock cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in varying concentrations ranging from 10 ' M to 10 ' M were irrigated continuously onto the exposed brain while local cerebral blood flow was determined polarographically by hydrogen clearance. Capillary permeability was assessed by determining HA's effect on the 12s I-albumin space of the brain. Electrical activity was monitored by eiectrocorticography. HA consistently dilated pial blood vessels and produced within 15 rain a dose-related local hyperemia that subsided 30-60 min after HA was removed. Hyperemia was blocked by cimetidine. HA had no appreciable effect on either the blood-brain barrier to albumin or the electrical activity of the cortex. HA is pharmacologically capable of participating directly in the acute hyperemic response of the brain's microclrculatlon to physiologic and pathologic stimuli but has little effect on cerebrovascular permeability to protein.Stroke, Vol 11, No 5, 1980MAMMALIAN BRAIN contains biologically significant amounts of histamine (HA) in 2 principal locations: within certain neurons, particularly those of the hypothalamus, and within mast cells, which tend to be concentrated in the leptomcninges. '2 Neuronal HA probably functions as a neurotransmitter through a specific adenylate cyclase system that has pharmacologic properties of an H, receptor.3 The function of HA in the mast cells of the brain is unknown. Mast cells are often found in brain strategically located close to blood vessels where they may affect vascular tone and, in turn, cerebral blood flow.s Schwartz 4 has suggested that mast cell HA in the bnin plays a role in inflammatory processes and vascular control, as it does elsewhere in the body.The effect of HA on systemic vasculature has been well studied.1 ' 6 -' Injected intravenously, HA constricts cardiac and pulmonary arteries and dilates the capillary bed of peripheral organs where blood pools, leading to a fall in systemic arterial pressure. Concurrently, plasma is lost through the capillary endothelium, which accentuates shock.1 '' Injected subcutaneously, HA produces capillary hyperemia, increased vascular permeability and edema, thus mimicking, in part, the acute vascular response to injury. 1 ' ° Although considerable information is also available about the effect of HA on cerebrovascular smooth muscle and cerebral blood flow (CBF), much of it is contradictory. brain as it does the permeability of vessels outside of the central nervous system.Because of the continuing uncertainty regarding the preponderant effect of HA on CBF, the lack of information about the effect of HA on the permeability of cerebral blood vessels, and the evidence indicating biologically significant stores of HA in the brain, we undertook this in vivo study to determine the local response of the cerebral circulation of t...

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Local spinal cord blood flow in experimental traumatic myelopathy

Cited by 129 publications

References 8 publications

Blood supply and vascular reactivity of the spinal cord under normal and pathological conditions

Blood supply and vascular reactivity of the spinal cord under normal and pathological conditions

Experience with a spinal cord unit in Brasilia, Brazil

Response of cerebral circulation to topical histamine.

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