Local ventilation effectiveness dependence on the airflow pattern and temperature in the case of isothermal balanced ventilation

Kalmár, Tünde; Szodrai, Ferenc; Kalmár, Ferenc

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105309

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…HRV and ERV systems save energy by preconditioning air, while DCV adjusts based on needs. PV integration can further reduce reliance on traditional energy sources, as studied by Kalmár et al [38]. Table 4 presents the data with the differences from this work highlighted.…”

Section: Discussion and Measurement Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 85%

Indoor Air Quality Measurements in Enclosed Spaces Combining Activities with Different Intensity and Environmental Conditions

Urbina-Garcia,

Fernandez-Gamiz,

Zulueta

et al. 2024

Buildings

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in knowledge in certain fields such as human breathing and respiratory diseases. In the current study, enclosed-space characteristics were assessed due to the great debate generated because of the pandemic. Temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, particulate matter (PM) concentration and cumulative particle concentration percentage per size fraction were measured in three buildings under the occurrence of activities with different intensity levels. For the measurements, Arduino UNO, Sensiron SCD30 and APS-3321 devices were used. Natural ventilation was controlled via windows and/or doors, and the influence of air conditioning was studied in one of these rooms, in which medium- to high-intensity activities were conducted. All experiments revealed a decrease in temperature associated with an increase in the relative humidity when CO2 decreased. As a consequence, drastic decreases occurred a few minutes after windows and doors were opened. In no-ventilation intervals, the observed linear increase changed into an asymptotic trend below the 1000 ppm limit recommended by Sinphonie guidelines. Additionally, the opposite behavior was observed between particles above and below a certain size. This experiment is of interest to further investigate critical ventilation rate versus volume of air per individual.

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Section: Discussion and Measurement Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 85%

Indoor Air Quality Measurements in Enclosed Spaces Combining Activities with Different Intensity and Environmental Conditions

Urbina-Garcia,

Fernandez-Gamiz,

Zulueta

et al. 2024

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, predicting highly exposed positions is more di cult as the air ow characteristics in MVV-1 are less directional and likely to be sensitive to boundary conditions, as shown by the heterogeneous effects of the checkerboard seating arrangement at MVV-1 and MVV-2. Moreover, the in uence of seasons 49 , air temperatures 50 and spectator layout 51 on air ow characteristics has been demonstrated in recent studies on MV, but also on DV cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

SARS-CoV-2 airborne infection risk in venues with different ventilation strategies – a comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical approaches

Geisler,

Lausch,

Hehnen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that reliable risk assessment of venues is still challenging and resulted in the indiscriminate closure of many venues worldwide. Therefore, this study used an experimental, numerical and analytical approach to investigate the airborne transmission risk potential of differently ventilated, sized and shaped venues. The data were used to assess the effect size of different mitigation measures and to develop recommendations. In general, positions in the near field of an emission source were at high risk in all ventilation systems studied, while the risk of infection from positions in the far field varied depending on the ventilation strategy. Occupancy rate, airflow rate, residence time, SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, a high activity level and face masks affected the individual and global infection risk in all venues. The global infection risk was lowest for the displacement ventilation case and highest for the naturally ventilated venue. Therefore, in our study, a properly designed displacement ventilation system is the most effective ventilation strategy to keep airborne transmission and the number of secondary cases low, compared to mixing or natural ventilation.

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“…Moreover, the influence of seasons 49 , air temperatures 50 and spectator layout 51 on airflow characteristics has been demonstrated in recent studies on MV, but also on DV cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Airborne infection risk in venues with different ventilation strategies – a comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical approaches

Geisler,

Lausch,

Hehnen

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that reliable risk assessment of venues is still challenging and resulted in the indiscriminate closure of many venues worldwide. Therefore, this study used an experimental, numerical and analytical approach to investigate the airborne transmission risk potential of differently ventilated, sized and shaped venues. The data were used to assess the effect size of different mitigation measures and to develop recommendations. In general, positions in the near field of an emission source were at high risk in all ventilation systems studied, while the risk of infection from positions in the far field varied depending on the ventilation strategy. Occupancy rate, airflow rate, residence time, SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, activity level and face masks affected the individual and total infection risk in all venues. The total infection risk was lowest for the displacement ventilation case and highest for the naturally ventilated venue. Therefore, in our study, a properly designed displacement ventilation system is the most effective ventilation strategy to keep airborne transmission and the number of secondary cases low, compared to mixing or natural ventilation.

show abstract

Local ventilation effectiveness dependence on the airflow pattern and temperature in the case of isothermal balanced ventilation

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Indoor Air Quality Measurements in Enclosed Spaces Combining Activities with Different Intensity and Environmental Conditions

Indoor Air Quality Measurements in Enclosed Spaces Combining Activities with Different Intensity and Environmental Conditions

SARS-CoV-2 airborne infection risk in venues with different ventilation strategies – a comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical approaches

Airborne infection risk in venues with different ventilation strategies – a comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical approaches

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