Localization of a noisy broadband surface target using time differences of multipath arrivals

Strong interference exists in many passive localization problems and may lead to the inefficacy of traditional localization methods. In this study, a hybrid passive localization method is proposed to address strong interference. This method combines generalized cross-correlation and interference cancellation for time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurement, followed by a time-delay-based iterative localization method. The proposed method is applied to a preliminary experiment using three hydrophones. The TDOAs estimated by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by the particle filtering method. Results show that the positions are in agreement when the TDOAs are accurately obtained. Furthermore, the proposed method is more capable of localization in the presence of a strong moving jamming source.

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“…All three hydrophone outputs were used to compute the TDOAs, as described in (5). Consequently, three hyperbolic functions were generated.…”

Section: Processing Results and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This viable approach has certain advantages in navigation [1], speaker tracking [2], radar [3], and underwater acoustics [4,5]. The time-delay-based method is the most widely used localization strategy, which is a two-step scheme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid passive localization method under strong interference with a preliminary experimental demonstration

Lei

Yang

et al. 2016

EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process.

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“…They also have less impact on marine life than active sonar methods, and are also less susceptible to the effects of clutter. It was recently shown in Gebbie et al (2013) that two bottom-mounted hydrophones constitute a simple yet favorable geometry for small boat localization, in that bathymetric variations can be leveraged to improve range localization and break the leftÀright ambiguity. This article describes an improved ambiguity surface function, and also provides a performance analysis to determine the conditions and limits under which these capabilities can be realized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problem becomes more tractable if the relative delays between the multipath arrivals are large, which can be realized by placing the hydrophones directly on the seabed. The method outlined in Gebbie et al (2013) was a proof of concept that employed a manual analysis of the correlogram. With a particle filter (Ristic et al, 2004) that automatically processes the correlogram, systematic improvements are sought that allow for greater automation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-hydrophone range and bearing localization algorithm with performance analysis

Gebbie

Siderius

Allen

2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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An automated, passive algorithm for detecting and localizing small boats using two hydrophones mounted on the seabed is outlined. This extends previous work by Gebbie et al. [(2013). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, EL77 - EL83] in which a similar two-hydrophone approach is used to produce an ambiguity surface of likely target locations leveraging multipath analysis and knowledge of the local bathymetry. The work presented here improves upon the prior approach using particle filtering to automate detection and localization processing. A detailed analysis has also been conducted to determine the conditions and limits under which the improved approach can be expected to yield accurate range and unambiguous bearing information. Experimental results in 12 m of water allow for a comparison of different separation distances between hydrophones, and the Bayesian Cramér-Rao lower bound is used to extrapolate the performance expected in 120 m water. This work demonstrates the conditions under which a low cost, passive, sparse array of hydrophones can provide a meaningful small boat detection and localization capability.

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“…They tracked an underway REMUS-100 by its acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP), broadband modem noise, and a single strong frequency from the propulsion system[50]. The same research group characterized the acoustic profile of the REMUS-100 with an onboard acoustic modem, which they used in OASES, propagation modeling software, to predict transmission loss and multipath arrival of the signal[86].Related to tracking UUVs, work has been done in detecting noisy surface targets like small boats and analyzing the multipath arrivals on a passive acoustic array[51] [52].…”

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confidence: 99%

Demonstration of passive acoustic detection and tracking of unmanned underwater vehicles

Railey¹

2018

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In terms of national security, the advancement of unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) technology has transformed UUVs from tools for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance and mine countermeasures to autonomous platforms that can perform complex tasks like tracking submarines, jamming, and smart mining. Today, they play a major role in asymmetric warfare, as UUVs have attributes that are desirable for less-established navies. They are covert, easy to deploy, low-cost, and low-risk to personnel. The concern of protecting against UUVs of malicious intent is that existing defense systems fall short in detecting, tracking, and preventing the vehicles from causing harm. Addressing this gap in technology, this thesis is the first to demonstrate passively detecting and tracking UUVs in realistic environments strictly from the vehicle's self-generated noise. This work contributes the first power spectral density estimate of an underway micro-UUV, field experiments in a pond and river detecting a UUV with energy thresholding and spectral filters, and field experiments in a pond and river tracking a UUV using conventional and adaptive beamforming. The spectral filters resulted in a probability of detection of 96 % and false alarms of 18 % at a distance of 100 m, with boat traffic in a river environment. Tracking the vehicle with adaptive beamforming resulted in a 6.2 ± 5.7 ∘ absolute difference in bearing. The principal achievement of this work is to quantify how well a UUV can be covertly tracked with knowledge of its spectral features. This work can be implemented into existing passive acoustic surveillance systems and be applied to larger classes of UUVs, which potentially have louder identifying acoustic signatures.

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Localization of a noisy broadband surface target using time differences of multipath arrivals

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

A hybrid passive localization method under strong interference with a preliminary experimental demonstration

A hybrid passive localization method under strong interference with a preliminary experimental demonstration

A two-hydrophone range and bearing localization algorithm with performance analysis

Demonstration of passive acoustic detection and tracking of unmanned underwater vehicles

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