Localization of Brain Function

Weis, Serge; Sonnberger, Michael; Dunzinger, Andreas; Voglmayr, Eva; Aichholzer, Martin; Kleiser, Raimund; Strasser, Peter

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1544-2_14

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Localized function refers to specialization of specific brain regions in supporting specific functions (Weis et al 2019). For example, when the New York Times reports that "The more a participant reported feeling passionately in love, the more [the angular gyrus] shifted into overdrive" (Heyman 2017, para.…”

Section: Neuroscientific Perspectives Of Personsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Perspectives: How Psychology and Neuroscience Contribute to Understanding Personhood

Smith

2021

SetF

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Empirical science, such as psychology and neuroscience, employ diverse methods to develop data driven models and explanations for complex phenomena. In research on the self, differences in these methods produce different depictions of persons. Research in developmental psychology highlights the role of intuitive beliefs, such as psychological essentialism and intuitive dualism, in individuals’ singular, cohesive, and stable sense of self. On the other hand, research in neuroscience highlights the de-centralized, distributed, multitudes of neural networks in competition making selves, with arguments around whether the interpretation of these data imply that the self is somehow fundamental and special to human functioning. In this paper, I explore these discrepant pictures of the self to advance understanding about personhood. Specifically, I suggest that these divergent pictures of self from psychology and neuroscience have the potential to inform philosophical and theological discussions around personhood by anchoring models of persons in empirical views of persons. Likewise, I explore the opportunity for philosophy and theology to inform and enhance scientific research on the self by critiquing scientific bias and construct development as well as highlighting potential limits in understanding selves with empirical models.

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Section: Neuroscientific Perspectives Of Personsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Perspectives: How Psychology and Neuroscience Contribute to Understanding Personhood

Smith

2021

SetF

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“…Determining the neural processes involved in the development of behavioral disorders has long been considered by neuroscientists [1][2][3]. However, structural complexity and extensive interactive communication among different parts of the central nervous system make it difficult to establish a oneto-one correspondence between neural and behavioral domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of long-term synaptic plasticity defects in cerebellar circuits using optokinetic reflex learning profile

Solouki¹,

Mehrabi²,

Mirzaii‐Dizgah³

2022

J. Neural Eng.

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Objective. Functional maps of the central nervous system attribute the coordination and control of many body movements directly or indirectly to the cerebellum. Despite this general picture, there is little information on the function of cerebellar neural components at the circuit level. The presence of multiple synaptic junctions and the synergistic action of different types of plasticity make it virtually difficult to determine the distinct contribution of cerebellar neural processes to behavioral manifestations. In this study, investigating the effect of long-term synaptic changes on cerebellar motor learning, we intend to provide quantitative criteria for localizing defects in the major forms of synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum. Approach. To this end, we develop a firing rate model of the cerebellar circuits to simulate learning of optokinetic reflex (OKR), one of the most well-known cerebellar-dependent motor tasks. In the following, by comparing the simulated OKR learning profile for normal and pathosynaptic conditions, we extract the learning features affected by long-term plasticity disorders. Next, conducting simulation with different massed and spaced learning paradigms, we estimate the detrimental impact of plasticity defects at corticonuclear synapses on short- and long-term motor memory. Main results. Our computational approach predicts a correlation between location and grade of the defect with some learning factors such as the rate of formation and retention of motor memory, baseline performance, and even cerebellar motor reserve capacity. Further, spacing analysis reveal the dependence of learning paradigm efficiency on the spatiotemporal characteristic of defect in the network. Indeed, defects in cortical memory formation and nuclear memory consolidation mainly harm massed and spaced learning, respectively. This result is used to design a differential assay for identifying the faulty phases of cerebellar learning. Significance. The proposed computational framework can help develop neural-screening systems and prepare meso-scale functional maps of the cerebellar circuits.

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Localization of Brain Function

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

A Tale of Two Perspectives: How Psychology and Neuroscience Contribute to Understanding Personhood

A Tale of Two Perspectives: How Psychology and Neuroscience Contribute to Understanding Personhood

Localization of long-term synaptic plasticity defects in cerebellar circuits using optokinetic reflex learning profile

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