Localization of Cacna1s to ON Bipolar Dendritic Tips Requires mGluR6-Related Cascade Elements

Abstract

Our results show that the localization and stability of Cacna1s depend on the expression of mGluR6 and its cascade components, and they suggest that Cacna1s is part of the mGluR6 complex. We hypothesize that Cacna1s contributes to light adaptation by permeating calcium.

iPSC-Derived Retina Transplants Improve Vision in rd1 End-Stage Retinal-Degeneration Mice

“…Although it was sometimes difficult to distinguish graft and host terminals of either bipolar cells or photoreceptors, our labeling approach offers evidence of direct contact between the host L7-GFP-positive bipolar cell dendrites and tdTomato-positive graft photoreceptor synaptic terminals, such as seen between bipolar dendrites and CtBP2 in L7-GFP wild-type retina (Figures 2B and 2C–2C‴). We also stained one of the postsynaptic markers, CACNA1s, that was reported to localize at postsynaptic ribbon synapses and recently identified to cross-react with GRP179 (Hasan et al., 2016, Specht et al., 2009, Tummala et al., 2014). The presence of CACNA1s was observed at the tips of bipolar cells in a wild-type retina (Figure 2D), and CACNA1s immunoreactivities were also present coupled with graft presynaptic terminal, CtBP2-tdTomato, at the tips of L7-GFP-positive bipolar cells, indicating the presence of host-graft synaptic formation (Figures 2E and 2E′).…”

Congenital stationary night blindness: An analysis and update of genotype–phenotype correlations and pathogenic mechanisms

“…The GAP complex, and also TRPM1, NYX and LRIT3 have been shown in the dendritic tips of ON-bipolar cells Gregg et al, 2007;Jeffrey et al, 2010;Koike et al, 2010;Masuho et al, 2010;Morgans et al, 2006Morgans et al, , 2007Morgans et al, , 2009Orhan et al, 2013;Orlandi et al, 2012;Peachey et al, 2012b;Rao et al, 2007;Shim et al, 2012;Zeitz et al, 2013). Recent immunolocalization studies added a novel molecule, CACNA1S, to this cascade, the exact role of which is yet to be determined (Specht et al, 2009;Tummala et al, 2014). CSNB gene defect identification, as well as in vitro and in vivo studies have provided important insights into the poorly understood ON-bipolar cell signalling cascade.…”

Regulators of G-Protein-Signaling Proteins: Negative Modulators of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling

“…RGS11 is a member of the RGS family of proteins that contains 467 amino acids in humans, with a predicted molecular weight of approximately 53 kDa (Barzilay et al, 2014;Karpinsky-Semper et al, 2014;Liapis et al, 2012;Ray et al, 2014;Shi et al, 2002;Tummala et al, 2014). Two different variants generated by alternative splicing have been identified in human (Gold et al, 1997;Snow et al, 1998b;Wang et al, 2010a).…”