Localization of carbohydrate terminals on Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae using lectin histochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy

Abstract

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is the myxozoan parasite that causes the commercially important proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonid aquaculture. Previous studies on the binding of lectins to T. bryosalmonae identified Griffonia simplificola agglutinin I (GS I) as useful for parasite identification. This lectin was also implicated as recognizing antigenic structures on the parasite. Here, we examine the histochemical staining and ultrastructural localization of a panel of 21 lectins on the extrasporogonic stage of T. bryosalmonae. The histochemical staining studies indicated that the majority of lectins bound to the renal stages of T. bryosalmonae, however not all of these lectins could be successfully localized using immunogold electron microscopy. Of the lectins that were localized many, including GS I, bound to membranes associated with the lysosomal pathway within the extrasporogonic primary cell of the parasite, indicating that these organelles are rich in glycoconjugates. The histochemical staining of Erythrina cristagalli ECL was unique and highlighted a different distribution of glycoconjugates in the periphery of some extrasporogonic parasites within the renal sinuses when compared with stages in the interstitium, suggesting the presence of distinct blood forms of T. bryosalmonae.

Lectinhistochemical detection of terminal carbohydrate residues in the enteric myxozoan Enteromyxum leei parasitizing gilthead seabream Sparus aurata (Pisces: Teleostei): a study using light and transmission electron microscopy

“…and Kudoa sp. Different staining intensities with SBA have been reported in T. bryosalmonae (PKX) at LM (Castagnaro et al 1991, Marín de Mateo et al 1996, Morris and Adams 2004, and a scant mark, reduced to certain vacuolar structures in the P cell, was detected at TEM (Morris and Adams 2004). Fig.…”

“…Mannose/glucose moieties are the most frequent carbohydrate residues recognised by lectins in myxozoans. Con A stained the spores of 11 out of 12 myxosporeans probed by Muñoz et al (1999), and the extrasporogonic stages of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Canning, Curry, Feist, Longshaw et okamura, 1999) Canning, Tops, Curry, Wood et okamura, 2002 (PKX) from the kidney of rainbow trout (Castagnaro et al 1991, Morris andAdams 2004). Mannose-containing carbohydrate residues were also demonstrated in the spores of Myxobolus cerebralis Hofer, 1903 by staining with Con A, Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) and Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA).…”

“…developmental stages was demonstrated in an ultrastructural study (Muñoz et al 2000). Pre-sporogonic and extrasporogonic stages of T. bryosalmonae were strongly stained with GSI-I (= BSL I) at LM (Castagnaro et al 1991, Marín de Mateo et al 1996, Morris and Adams 2004, though only weak labelling of some vacuolar structures in the P cell was seen at TEM (Morris and Adams 2004). Interestingly, the myxospores and actinospores of M. cerebralis, but not the free actinospores from the tubificid worm, were strongly stained with GSI-I (Kaltner et al 2007).…”

“…To elucidate the role of the lectin-carbohydrate binding in host-parasite interactions, thus far reported for few parasites (Jacobson andDoyle 1996, Xu et al 2001), the knowledge of the surface-associated terminal carbohydrate residues in different developmental stages is essential. Such carbohydrate patterns have been studied only for few myxozoans (Muñoz et al 1999, El-Matbouli et al 2002, Morris and Adams 2004, Knaus and El-Matbouli 2005, Kaltner et al 2007, including the enteric parasite Enteromyxum scophthalmi (Redondo et al 2008) but not E. leei. In the present study, the terminal carbohydrate moieties in different stages of E. leei were identified and visualised by specific binding of plant lectins both with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).…”

Lectin blot studies on proteins of Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease

“…A number of studies on protozoan and metazoan parasites implicate glycans and lectins in the complex system of host recognition and pathogenesis (Jacobson & Doyle 1996, Loukas & Maizels 2000, Buchmann & Lindenstrøm 2002. Histochemical studies pointing to carbohydrate motifs on myxozoan parasites have been reported by Marin de Mateo et al (1996), Morris & Adams (2004) and Knaus et al (2005). These and further studies (e.g.…”