Localization of classically chaotic diffusion for hydrogen atoms in microwave fields

Bayfield, J. E.; Casati, Giulio; Guarneri, Italo; Sokol, D. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.63.364

Cited by 167 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In contrast to the experiments of Bayfield and Sokol [19,20], Bayfield et al [23], Galvez et al [21], and Moorman et al [22] who work with fast beams of highly excited H atoms, our setup uses a thermal beam of rubidium atoms which can be laser excited to nP Rydberg states ranging from n =40 to ri 135. The laser radia- tion was produced by frequency doubling the light of a rhodamine 6G laser.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While in existing experiments on the microwave ionization of hydrogen Rydberg atoms [19][20][21][22][23] at least one of the three parameters is hard to change (e.g., the interaction time), our experimental setup is "universal" in the sense that all three control parameters can easily be varied. Out of the three parameters, the variable interaction time is of particular interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical localization in the microwave interaction of Rydberg atoms: The influence of noise

et al. 1991

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We present experimental and theoretical results on highly excited Rydberg atoms passing through a waveguide. The waveguide is excited in a coherent mode with a superimposed component of technically generated noise. In the theoretical part of the paper we derive and solve a master equation for a Rydberg atom driven by a monochromatic coherent microwave field in the presence of noise. We show that a Rydberg atom subjected to a mixture of coherent modes and noise fields exhibits four dynamical regimes: (i) diffusive broadening, (ii) localization, (iii) destruction of coherence and localization, and (iv) relaxation to equilibrium. The four regimes are passed one after the other as a function of irradiation time. They occur on different time scales and are thus temporally well separated from each other. The theory is checked by an experiment on the time dependence of the population distribution of highly excited rubidium Rydberg atoms initially prepared in a unique and well-defined Rydberg state and irradiated by a strong microwave field. The localization regime, characterized by a "freezing" of the width of the wave packet with respect to the Rydberg levels, has been observed. The addition of a small noise component was shown to lead to delocalization after times inversely proportional to the noise power, as predicted by our theory. PACS number(s): 32.80. Rm, 05.45. +b,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical localization in the microwave interaction of Rydberg atoms: The influence of noise

et al. 1991

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“…The case is getting worse with additional complications which are unavoidable in a real experiment, such as the unprecise definition of the initial state the atoms are prepared in [133,137,[209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216], the experimental uncertainty on the envelope of the amplitude of the driving field experienced by the atoms as they enter the interaction region with the microwave (typically a microwave cavity or wave guide) [200,211,217], stray electric fields due to contact potentials in the interaction region, and finally uncontrolled noise sources which may affect the coherence effects involved in the quantum mechanical transport process [218]. On the other hand, independent experiments on the microwave ionization of Rydberg states of atomic hydrogen [132,137], as well as on hydrogenic initial states of lithium [217], did indeed provide hard evidence for the relative stability of the atom against ionization when driven by a resonant field of scaled frequency ω 0 ≃ 1.0. Furthermore, in the hydrogen experiments, this stability was observed to be insensitive to the polarization of the driving field, be it linear, circular or elliptical [134].…”

Section: Experimental Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are the subject of this section. In most experiments on microwave driven Rydberg atoms, linearly polarized (LP) microwaves have been used [132,133,[135][136][137]. For circular polarization (CP), first experiments were performed for alkali atoms in the late eighties [138,139], with hydrogen atoms following only recently [134].…”

Section: Rydberg States In Circularly Polarized Microwave Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-dispersive wave packets in periodically driven quantum systems

2002

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With the exception of the harmonic oscillator, quantum wave packets usually spread as time evolves. This is due to the non-linear character of the classical equations of motion which makes the various components of the wave packet evolve at various frequencies. We show here that, using the non-linear resonance between an internal frequency of a system and an external periodic driving, it is possible to overcome this spreading and build non-dispersive (or non-spreading) wave packets which are well localized and follow a classical periodic orbit without spreading. From the quantum mechanical point of view, the non-dispersive wave packets are time periodic eigenstates of the Floquet Hamiltonian, localized in the non-linear resonance island. We discuss the general mechanism which produces the non-dispersive wave packets, with emphasis on simple realization in the electronic motion of a Rydberg electron driven by a microwave field. We show the robustness of such wave packets for a model one-dimensional as well as for realistic three-dimensional atoms. We consider their essential properties such as the stability versus ionization, the characteristic energy spectrum and long lifetimes. The requirements for experiments aimed at observing such non-dispersive wave packets are also considered. The analysis is extended to situations in which the driving frequency is a multiple of the internal atomic frequency. Such a case allows us to discuss non-dispersive states composed of several, macroscopically separated wave packets communicating among themselves by tunneling. Similarly we briefly discuss other closely related phenomena in atomic and molecular physics as well as possible further extensions of the theory. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

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“…The one example to date is the microwave ionization of hydrogen, where the quantum suppression of diffusion appears to have been confirmed by experiment [6] In this paper we discuss a simple optical system that realizes the perturbed twist map [7]. The system may be modeled classically or quantum mechanically with dissipation included in both cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum coherence and classical chaos in a pulsed parametric oscillator with a Kerr nonlinearity

Milburn

Holmes

1991

Phys. Rev. A

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We consider a parametric amplifier driven by a periodically pulsed pump field inside a cavity containing a Kerr nonlinearity. The dynamics of the device is modeled as a kicked nonlinear system. The pulsed parametric amplifier constitutes the kick. In between kicks the dynamics is determined by the Kerr nonlinearity and damping. In the absence of damping, a classical description of the device exhibits a rich phase-space structure including fixed points of multiple period and chaos. We contrast the classical behavior of the mean intensity with that predicted by quantum dynamics. The mean photon number inside the cavity is shown to undergo regular collapse and revival in the regular region of the phase space and irregular revivals in the chaotic region. When damping is included, the quantum recurrences are rapidly suppressed, and the classical behavior is restored. In this case a stable steady state is possible. The damping represents the effect of photon-number measurements on the system. We also discuss the photon statistics in the steady state.

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Localization of classically chaotic diffusion for hydrogen atoms in microwave fields

Cited by 167 publications

References 16 publications

Dynamical localization in the microwave interaction of Rydberg atoms: The influence of noise

Dynamical localization in the microwave interaction of Rydberg atoms: The influence of noise

Non-dispersive wave packets in periodically driven quantum systems

Quantum coherence and classical chaos in a pulsed parametric oscillator with a Kerr nonlinearity

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