Localization of heterochromatin in human chromosomes

Arrighi, Frances E.; Hsü, T. C.

doi:10.1159/000130130

Cited by 909 publications

(233 citation statements)

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“…Mitotic and meiotic preparations were banded using Arrighi & Hsu's (1971) method for staining of heterochromatin. DIGlabelled DNA insert from pRr300 StuI, a clone of the centromeric satellite DNA family RrS1, was hybridized in situ to mitotic and meiotic chromosome preparations using standard procedures (Ragghianti et al, 1995).…”

Section: (I) Animals and Experimental Crossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametogenesis of intergroup hybrids of hemiclonal frogs

et al. 2007

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European water frog hybrids Rana esculenta (R. ridibundarR. lessonae) reproduce hemiclonally, by hybridogenesis : in the germ line they exclude the genome of one parental species and produce haploid gametes with an unrecombined genome of the other parental species. In the widespread L-E population system, both sexes of hybrids (E) coexist with R. lessonae (L). They exclude the lessonae genome and produce ridibunda gametes. In the R-E system, hybrid males coexist with R. ridibunda (R); they exclude either their ridibunda or their lessonae genome and produce sperm with a lessonae or with a ridibunda genome or a mixture of both kinds of sperm. We examined 13 male offspring, 12 of which were from crosses between L-E system and R-E system frogs. All were somatically hybrid. With one exception, they excluded the lessonae genome in the germ line and subsequently endoreduplicated the ridibunda genome. Spermatogonial metaphases contained a haploid or a diploid number of ridibunda chromosomes, identified through in situ hybridization to a satellite DNA marker, and by spermatocyte I metaphases containing a haploid number of ridibunda bivalents. The exception, an F1 hybrid between L-E system R. lessonae and R-E system R. ridibunda, was not hybridogenetic, showed no genome exclusion, and evidenced a disturbed gametogenesis resulting from the combination of two heterospecific genomes. None of the hybridogenetic hybrids showed any cell lines excluding the ridibunda genome, the pattern most frequent in hybrids of the R-E system, unique to that system, and essential for its persistence. A particular combination of R-E system lessonae and R-E system ridibunda genomes seems necessary to induce the R-E system type of hemiclonal gametogenesis. Gametogenesis of intergroup hybrids of hemiclonal frogs SummaryEuropean water frog hybrids Rana esculenta (R. ridibundarR. lessonae) reproduce hemiclonally, by hybridogenesis : in the germ line they exclude the genome of one parental species and produce haploid gametes with an unrecombined genome of the other parental species. In the widespread L-E population system, both sexes of hybrids (E) coexist with R. lessonae (L). They exclude the lessonae genome and produce ridibunda gametes. In the R-E system, hybrid males coexist with R. ridibunda (R) ; they exclude either their ridibunda or their lessonae genome and produce sperm with a lessonae or with a ridibunda genome or a mixture of both kinds of sperm. We examined 13 male offspring, 12 of which were from crosses between L-E system and R-E system frogs. All were somatically hybrid. With one exception, they excluded the lessonae genome in the germ line and subsequently endoreduplicated the ridibunda genome. Spermatogonial metaphases contained a haploid or a diploid number of ridibunda chromosomes, identified through in situ hybridization to a satellite DNA marker, and by spermatocyte I metaphases containing a haploid number of ridibunda bivalents. The exception, an F1 hybrid between L-E system R. lessonae and R-E system R. ridibunda, w...

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Section: (I) Animals and Experimental Crossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gametogenesis of intergroup hybrids of hemiclonal frogs

et al. 2007

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“…The long arm of the Y chromosome is heterochromatic, with length heteromorphisms. The longer Y resulted from duplication of constitutive heterochromatic material (Arrighi and Hsu, 1971). The present study shows that these heterochromatic regions may play a role in the location of the Y chromosome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral location of the Y chromosome: Relationship to race and length heteromorphism

et al. 1984

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SUMMARYIn the present report we examined the position of the Y chromosome with respect to its size and race to determine their relationship to its peripheral location. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured from 172 normal male individuals (70 Asian Indians; 49 American Blacks; and 53 Caucasians) and 2770 QFQ cells were photographed. The length of the Y chromosome was classified into four groups i.e., small, average, large and very large as described earlier (Verma etaL, J. Med. Genet., 15,227-281. 1978). The average incidence of peripheral location of all races for small, average, large and very large was 364, 5'84, 1051 and 11'17 per cent respectively. For blacks and caucasians, the peripheral location was influenced by its size while the incidence remained the same for Indians for all sizes. Consequently, it is presumed that the position of the Y chromosome in somatic metaphases depends upon race as well as its size.Furthermore, we have provided a method for determining the position of the Y chromosome which should suffice for most situations.

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“…In addition, the distal end of the long arm of the Y chromosome was stained dull with Giemsa but highly positive with Atabrin and also showed late labeling. In this connection it is of interest to note that the centromeric secondary constrictions (centromeric heterochromatin) of the long arms of chromo somes 1, 9 and 16, all stain deeply with Giemsa following the alkali treatment method of Pardue and Gall (1970), as does the distal region of the long arm of the Y chromo some (Arrighi andHsu 1971, Evans et at. 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Giemsa Bands and Late Replicating Heterochrochromatin in Human Chromosome Complement

Shiraishi

1977

CYTOLOGIA

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Localization of heterochromatin in human chromosomes

Cited by 909 publications

References 1 publication

Gametogenesis of intergroup hybrids of hemiclonal frogs

Gametogenesis of intergroup hybrids of hemiclonal frogs

Peripheral location of the Y chromosome: Relationship to race and length heteromorphism

The Relationship between Giemsa Bands and Late Replicating Heterochrochromatin in Human Chromosome Complement

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