Localization of insulin immunpositive cells and histochemical structure of the pancreas in falcons (Falco Anaumanni)

Abstract

Summary:The present study was conducted to determine the regional distribution of insulin immunpositive cells and histochemical structure of pancreas in falcon (Falco Anaumanni). Falcon pancreas was composed of three different parts as dorsal, ventral and splenic lobes. Those lobes contained acinar cells, pancreatic ducts, alpha, beta and mixed islets. Alpha islets were determined 3-4 unit as large islets in centre of the splenic lobe, but a few as small islets in dorsal and ventral lobes. Beta islets were widespread as small clusters in all lobes which were especially 7-8 units in periphery of the splenic lobe. Furthermore, mixed islets were found abundantly as small or large islets in all lobes. In the streptavidin biotin peroxidase staining of the pancreatic lobes, insulin immunpositive cells were numerous in the centre of beta islets, on the other hand these cells were detected as only one cell or 3-8 immunpositive cell groups in both alpha islets and exocrine tissue. In conclusion, the morphology and insulin immunpositive cells of pancreas in falcons are similar to duck, whereas are different from other avian species such as chicken, goose, and quail.Key words: Falcon, immunohistochemistry, insulin immunpositive cells, pancreas. Şahinlerde (Falco Anaumanni) pankreasın histokimyasal yapısı ve insülin immunpozitif hücrelerin lokalizasyonuÖzet: Bu çalışma, şahin (Falco Anaumanni) pankreasının histokimyasal yapısı ve insülin immunpozitif hücrelerin bölgesel dağılımını belirlemek için yapıldı. Şahin pankreası dorsal, ventral ve dalak lobu olarak 3 farklı lobdan oluşuyordu. Bu loplar asiner hücreler, akıtıcı kanallar, alfa, beta ve mix adacıkları içermekteydi. Alfa adacıkları dalak lobunun merkezinde 3-4 adet büyük adacık halinde gözlenirken, dorsal ve ventral lopta az sayıda küçük adacıklar halinde belirlendi. Beta adacıkları özellikle dalak lobunun periferinde 7-8 adet küçük adacıklar halinde bütün loplarda çok sayıda tespit edildi. Ayrıca, miks adacıklarının küçük ya da büyük adacıklar halinde pankreasın bütün loplarında çok yaygın bir şekilde bulunduğu saptandı. Pankreatik lobların streptavidin-biotin peroksidaz boyamalarında, insulin immunpozitif hücreler beta adacıkları merkezinde çok sayıdaydı diğer yandan bu hücreler hem alfa adacıklarında hem de ekzokrin dokuda yalnız tek bir hücre ya da 3-8 hücrelik gruplar halinde görüldü. Sonuç olarak şahin pankreasının morfolojik ve insulin pozitif hücreler açısından ördek pankreası ile benzer olduğu, tavuk, kaz ve bıldırcın gibi diğer kanatlı türlerinin pankreaslarından farklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: İmmunhistokimya, insulin pozitif hücreler, pancreas, şahin.

Histological and histochemical studies on the structure of pancreatic ductsof the goose (Anser anser)

“…The main pancreatic ducts in birds were found to be composed of dorsal and ventral ducts (5,15), while the presence of a third duct has been reported in some avian species (13)(14)(15)24). Our study also demonstrated that there are 2 main ducts extending from the pancreas to the duodenum.…”

“…As reported in earlier studies on poultry pancreas (1,2), the goose pancreas is located between the ascending and descending duodenal loops. Studies have also revealed that pancreas in geese (6), chickens (3), and quails (23) is composed of 4 lobes, whereas in ducks and some hawk species (13,24) it consists of 3 lobes. We also found that goose pancreas is composed of 4 lobes in accordance with the presented findings (5,6).…”

“…The exocrine portion secretes basic electrolytes and digestive enzymes (1), whereas the endocrine portion secretes hormones such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptides (1,3,4). Many researchers have examined the histological and histochemical properties of pancreases in different bird species such as goose (5)(6)(7), ostrich (8), turkey (9), duck (10), pigeon (11), eagle (12), falcon (13), and quail (14).…”

Enzyme histochemical, histometric and hematological features of peripheral blood cells in SparrowhawkAccipiter nisus(Falconiformes: Accipitridae)

“…The image that is evaluated as positive in the leukocytes stained with the ANAE method is a homogeneous reaction of brown-red granules under the cell membrane or in cytoplasm. This enzyme is generally stained with 1-5 granules in lymphocytes (Ozcan 2005;Karaca et al 2006;Şimşek et al 2009), with dense homogeneous granules in monocytes (Mueller et al 1975;Higgy et al 1977;Basso et al 1980;Ramos et al 1992), and with granulocytes, it is stained in different granular styles, which vary according to the positivity or negativity of the animal species. In this method, neutrophil granulocytes show a negative reaction in humans (Higgy et al 1977), dogs, cats and horses (Aştı et al 1996), and they show a positive reaction in rats, cattle (Aştı et al 1996), sheep and goats (Osbaldiston & Sullivan 1978).…”

“…Many researchers have stated that T and B lymphocytes can be distinguished from each other in people, cattle (Çelik et al 1994), chickens, horses, goats, dogs (Aşti et al 1997), turkeys (Ergun et al 2004b), rats (Aştı et al 1996;Karaca et al 2006;Şimşek et al 2009) and geese (Karadag Sarı et al 2009) using the ANAE staining method. However, it is suggested that this reaction is not specific for T lymphocytes in rats (Fossum 1978) or in sheep (Dixon & Moriarty 1983).…”