Localization of insulin to gastroenteropancreatic cells in the turtle gastrointestinal tract

Gapp, David A.; Polak, Julia M.

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(90)90046-o

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Antiserum specific for porcine insulin has been used to identify turtle β cells by immunohistochemistry [12] and to measure insulin concentrations in turtle pancreas extracts by radioimmunoassay [13]. This homology between vertebrate insulin allowed us to choose porcine insulin for the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In reptiles, several studies have confirmed the presence of insulin producing cells in the pancreas and intestine of different species including chelonians [12–14]. The chemical nature of chelonian insulin has not been determined but the same antiserum against porcine insulin cross-reacted with β cells in Chrysemys (now named Trachemys ) and in other chelonians’ pancreas as well as in mouse and rat pancreas [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of topical insulin on second-intention wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) – a controlled study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCompared with mammals, wound healing in reptiles is characterized by reduced wound contraction and longer healing times. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and histopathological effects of topical insulin on second-intention healing of experimentally induced wounds in skin without dermal bony plates of Trachemys scripta elegans exposed to daily variations in ambient temperature and in an aquatic environment. Forty-four healthy adult females were assigned to two groups: Group 1 (n = 24) was used to assess clinical features such as wound contraction; Group 2 (n = 20) was used for histological evaluation and morphometric analysis. Topical porcine insulin (5 IU/ml diluted in glycerol) was applied daily 1 week. For each control time (2, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-wounding), re-epithelisation and wound remodelling were evaluated histologically and the number of main inflammatory cells (heterophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and fibroblasts) was scored.ResultsMean wound contraction was higher in the insulin-treated group at each time point and differences were significant at day 28 (P < 0.0001). Histologically, these clinical findings were associated with better re-epithelisation, inflammatory response, collagen synthesis and remodelling of the wounds. Morphometrically, insulin-treated wounds had significantly higher mean counts of heterophils (day 7), macrophages (days 2, 7 and 14) and fibroblasts (days 14 and 21), whereas lymphocyte counts were significantly lower at day 21. These results demonstrate that topical insulin modifies the inflammatory response of turtle skin up-regulating inflammatory cells at early stages and promoting wound healing.ConclusionsTopical insulin is a potentially useful therapy in skin wounds of Trachemys scripta and should be evaluated in non-experimental wounds of turtles and other reptiles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of topical insulin on second-intention wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) – a controlled study

et al. 2017

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“…It is no doubt significant that in the present experimental grafts GRP cells were observed only in gizzard-like areas The possibility was considered that the presence of a small group of insulin-immunoreactive cells in an experimental graft could be the result of pancreatic endodermal contamination of the quail mesenchyme used to prepare this graft ; however, serial sections revealed no quail nucleolar marker in these cells and it is therefore concluded that they differentiated from gizzard endoderm (chick). Although insulin cells are not normally found in intestine, they were occasionally detected in the intestine-like epithelium that developed when allantoic endoderm was combined with pancreatic mesenchyme [36], and have been found as a normal constituent of the small intestine of several species of turtle [8] and also in tumours of the hindgut in man [2]. The present finding is in line with the suggestion made previously that the progenitors of gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine cells are widespread [31] and under appropriate stimulation may sometimes differentiate in unexpected sites [ 5 ] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal mesenchyme provokes differentiation of intestinal endocrine cells in gizzard endoderm

Andrew

Rawdon

1990

Differentiation

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“…The innervation of the myenteric plexus of the stomach, midgut and hindgut of the red-eared turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans, was reported (Scheuermann et al, 1991). In addition, Gapp and Polak (1990) reported that insulinimmunoreactive cells were present in the gastrointestinal tracts of six species of chelonians. In addition, Gapp and Polak (1990) reported that insulinimmunoreactive cells were present in the gastrointestinal tracts of six species of chelonians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insulin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the antral gastric mucosa and intestinal epithelial cells of the turtles Chrysemys dorbigni and Phrynops hilarii (Muniz et al, 1991). In addition, Gapp and Polak (1990) reported that insulinimmunoreactive cells were present in the gastrointestinal tracts of six species of chelonians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Immunohistochemical Study on the Endocrine Cells in the Alimentary Tract of the Red‐Eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)

Ku¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2001

Anat Histol Embryol

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The regional distribution and relative frequency of endocrine cells in the alimentary tract of the red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta elegans, were investigated by immunohistochemical methods using 10 antisera. Most of the immunoreactive cells in the intestine were spherical or spindle-like in shape (open-type cells), while round cells (closed-type cells) were occasionally found in the stomach. These immunoreactive cells were located in the basal portion of the intestine, including the oesophagus, and in the gastric glands of the stomach. Cg A-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the pylorus and duodenum and were few in number. Serotonin-immunoreactive cells, which were most commonly found in the pylorus, were found in the epithelia throughout the alimentary tract at various frequencies. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were found in the pylorus, duodenum and jejunum at moderate, low and very low frequencies, respectively. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were found throughout the alimentary tract except for the rectum, at various frequencies. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in the fundus, pylorus, jejunum and ileum at low or very low frequencies. CCK-8-immunoreactive cells were found in the pylorus, fundus and duodenum at very low, low and moderate frequencies, respectively. Bombesin-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the fundus and pylorus at low frequencies. No secretin-, BPP- or VIP-immunoreactive cells were found in this study.

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Localization of insulin to gastroenteropancreatic cells in the turtle gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of topical insulin on second-intention wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) – a controlled study

Effects of topical insulin on second-intention wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) – a controlled study

Intestinal mesenchyme provokes differentiation of intestinal endocrine cells in gizzard endoderm

An Immunohistochemical Study on the Endocrine Cells in the Alimentary Tract of the Red‐Eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)

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