Localization of plastic deformation on contacts, determining the formation of a strong joint

Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanism of the wavy interface formations in explosive/impact welding

“…This in turn produced high values of plastic strain and shear stress at the interface. The simulation results showed the formation of a narrow band of plastic strain, a severe plastically deformed zone and high values of shear strain at the collision zone, which confirmed the prediction of Bondar (1995). However, the values of shear strain obtained were different.…”

Finite element simulation of explosively-driven plate impact with application to explosive welding

“…This in turn produced high values of plastic strain and shear stress at the interface. The simulation results showed the formation of a narrow band of plastic strain, a severe plastically deformed zone and high values of shear strain at the collision zone, which confirmed the prediction of [47]. However the values of shear strain obtained were different from what was suggested by Bondar [47] due to choosing two different materials constitutive equations used in the two analyses.…”

“…The simulation results showed the formation of a narrow band of plastic strain, a severe plastically deformed zone and high values of shear strain at the collision zone, which confirmed the prediction of [47]. However the values of shear strain obtained were different from what was suggested by Bondar [47] due to choosing two different materials constitutive equations used in the two analyses. In this study, it was found that the shear strain values were material dependent and were predicted to be more than 2 for the materials used in this study.…”

“…Various authors, for example [6,18,[46][47][48][49] have suggested that successful bonding of bi-metallic plates depends upon exceeding certain minimum conditions of impact angle and velocity, see Tables 5 and 6.…”

Simulation of explosive welding using the Williamsburg equation of state to model low detonation velocity explosives

“…The formation of the interface structure depended on, amongst other factors, collision velocity, the lower the collision velocity the greater the time available for deformation. Bondar [32] states that the collision velocity determines the upper limit of strain-rate, which in turn influences the grain size that occurs in the formation of plastic strain localisation bands. It was shown earlier that the level of strain determines whether or not a bond is formed.…”