LOCALIZATION OF PROTEIN-BOUND I<sup>131</sup>IN THE THYROID GLAND OF THE MOUSE

Sh, Wollman; Wodinsky, I

doi:10.1210/endo-56-1-9

Cited by 84 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…This intrafollicular heterogeneity had previously been seen in mice (3,5,(26)(27)(28) and had occasionally been described in human goiters (3,15). The phenomenon has recently been observed in tissue culture by Errick et al (29).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Peter¹,

Gerber²,

Studer³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

120

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Functional and morphologic heterogeneity of human multinodular goiters was investigated in 300 samples from "cold" and "hot" regions of 20 goiters transplanted onto nude mice. Transplants were labeled with [Hjthymidine and radioiodine, while the host's thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion was either stimulated or suppressed. Proliferation and function of follicular cells were assessed in whole follicles reconstructed from autoradiographs of serial sections.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Peter¹,

Gerber²,

Studer³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

120

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“…T h e present investigation also did not determine the locus of iodide binding, i.e. cellular or luminal, about which there is not yet unanimity of opinion (24)(25)(26). Electron micrograph of 19-day fetal thyroid.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Maturation of the Rat Fetal Thyroid

Feldman

Vazquez

Kurtz

1961

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Maturation of the rat fetal thyroid was studied with the aid of 1131 and of fluorescence and electron microscopy. The I ~31 concentration of the fetal gland increased exponentially from day 17 to day 20 of gestation and was related to the weight of the fetus (and presumably the weight of the thyroid) and also to the quantity of 113t accumulated by the fetus. In the 17-day gland, thyroglobulin or immunologically similar material was sparsely present in the incipient lumens of some cell clusters. With maturation, this material increased and was also observed within follicular cells on days 18 to 19 of gestation. On day 20, the specifically reacting material was present in the follicular lumens and was absent from the cytoplasm of follicular epithelium. Ultrastructurally, the earliest thyroid cells examined were replete with all the organelles found in the more mature epithelium. No direct correlation could be made between the cytoplasmic structures and the presence of thyroglobulin, although the granular endoplasmic reticulum was most likely the organelle responsible for synthesis of thyroglobulin. Thyroglobulin or a precursor was found in fetal thyroid cells before measurable quantities of 113~ were concentrated and before cytoplasmic droplets appeared.Between day 18 and day 19 of gestation, the fetal thyroid of the rat acquires the capacity to concentrate easily measurable quantities of I t3t (1). Based on this property of isotope accumulation by the fetal thyroid, and with the aid of electron and fluorescence microscopy, the following study was designed to seek answers to three questions: First, does an intracellular organelle appear or become singularly prominent at the time the thyroid gland begins to trap iodide in high concentration? Second, during the maturation of the fetal thyroid, is it possible to localize the site of synthesis of specific thyroid protein, thyroglobulin? Third, is thyroglobulin or a precursor produced before the advent of iodide concentration by the gland? MATERIALS AND METHODSPregnant rats (Holtzman) with known mating times were injected subcutaneously on the 16th to 19th day of gestation a with 50 to 60 #c of 1131. 24 hours later the fetuses were removed from their etherized dams and their thyroids were visualized under a stereomicroscope. The glands to be processed for electron microscopy were flooded with 2 per cent osmium tetroxide in situ as quickly as possible after removal of the fetus from the uterus, usually within less than 1 minute. After freeing from the trachea, they were placed in 1 per cent buffered osmium tetroxide containing sucrose for 1 to 2 hours and then processed for Vestopal W embedding. Other fetal glands were embedded in a small piece of maternal 1 24 hours after a vaginal smear positive for sperm was counted as 1 day of gestation.

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“…Since the iodiuation of the labeled iodo- Table I. amino acids found in these butanol extracts occurs after the tyrosyl residues are incorporated into the thyroglobulin molecule (28,29), their presence in the free, or loosely-bound state, or both, must presumably result from proteolytic release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Thyrotropin-Induced Proteolysis in the Thyroid Gland*

Poffenbarger¹,

Powell²,

Deiss³

1963

J. Clin. Invest.

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Numerous studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have been designed to define the biochemical events influenced by the action of thyrotropin (TSH) on the thyroid gland. In vivo experiments have shown that this hormone stimulates growth of the follicular epithelium, trapping of inorganic iodide, biosynthesis of hormonal iodine, turnover of thyroglobulin, and release of inorganic iodide and hormonal iodine. The latter action has received much attention because of its relevance to the concentration of circulating thyroid hormone and because of the promptness of this response in vivo. De Robertis demonstrated an increase in intrafollicular proteolytic activity after administration of TSH to rats (1). Keating, Rawson, Peacock, and Evans (2) noted loss of radioiodine from the chick thyroid after TSH administration. Similar results have been observed in other laboratory animals (3, 4). The administration of TSH to euthyroid humans also results in prompt release of radioiodine from the thyroid (5-7), occurring 90 minutes after intramuscular inj ection in one study (7).In vitro techniques have permitted investigation in a more rigidly controlled environment. Such observations on the effect of TSH added to thyroid tissue have confirmed the stimulus to the trapping of iodide (8, 9). TSH in vitro has also been shown to enhance certain parameters of intermediary metabolism such as carbon-1 oxidation of glucose (10, 11), phospholipid synthesis (12), oxygen consumption, lipogenesis from labeled glucose, incorporation of inositol into phospholipid (13), and the level of triphosphopyridine nucleotide (14). Few

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LOCALIZATION OF PROTEIN-BOUND I¹³¹IN THE THYROID GLAND OF THE MOUSE

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Maturation of the Rat Fetal Thyroid

In Vitro Thyrotropin-Induced Proteolysis in the Thyroid Gland*

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LOCALIZATION OF PROTEIN-BOUND I131IN THE THYROID GLAND OF THE MOUSE

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Pathogenesis of heterogeneity in human multinodular goiter. A study on growth and function of thyroid tissue transplanted onto nude mice.

Maturation of the Rat Fetal Thyroid

In Vitro Thyrotropin-Induced Proteolysis in the Thyroid Gland*

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Product

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LOCALIZATION OF PROTEIN-BOUND I¹³¹IN THE THYROID GLAND OF THE MOUSE