Localized calcification of hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses after posterior segment procedures

Physicochemical Analysis of Sediments Formed on the Surface of Hydrophilic Intraocular Lens after Descemet’s Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty

“…The presence of calcium, chlorine, and sodium ions, whose main source is probably the aqueous humor of the eye, is clearly revealed via TOF-SIMS measurements. Those elements were also observed in a small amount using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the recent work of Werner [36].…”

“…There are many common morphological features for IOL opacification after inracameral and intravitreal gas injection. However, it is very likely that other factors, mainly an exacerbated inflammatory response due to repeated breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier after multiple intraocular procedures, are more important in the development of this complication after the posterior segment procedures [6,23,35,36]. In our study, we focused on the analysis of IOL opacification after DSAEK, thus we have no evidence that our model is applicable to explain the post-PPV opacity mechanism.…”

“…Opacification of hydrophilic acrylic IOLs following intraocular gas injection has been described not only after intracameral injection of air or gas. Several reports described the opacification occurred after intravitreal gas injection during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), the surgical procedure performed for treating diseases of the posterior segment of the eye [6,23,32,36,[68][69][70][71][72]. The typical appearance of the opacification in most cases was similar to that occurring after DSAEK/DMEK [6,17,23,32,36,62,[68][69][70][71][72].…”

“…Meanwhile, the secondary calcification refers to sediment deposits observed on the surface of the IOLs and is related to the environmental conditions to which IOLs have been exposed, including, for example, the breakdown of the aqueous-blood barrier occurring as a result of pre-existing patient conditions. Recent studies emphasize the importance of blood-aqueous barrier breakdown [36][37][38], the coexistence of pro-inflammatory condition and repeated gas injection [39], together with the change in the hydration of the hydrophilic lens [38] in the sediment formation process. However, the authors of many papers repeatedly emphasize the lack of a well-defined mechanism of sediment formation [40,41].…”

<p>Clinical Outcomes and Lens Constant Optimization of the Zeiss CT Lucia 602 Lens Using a Modified Yamane Technique</p>

“…1 While successful, each technique has notable disadvantages and complications-ACIOLs have been associated with increased endothelial cell loss, peripheral anterior synechiae, as well as uveitisglaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome; iris-fixated PCIOLs have been associated with chaffing of the posterior pigmented epithelium, subsequent pigment dispersion, UGH syndrome and late suture breakage, and may interfere with pupil dilation; trans-scleral sutured PCIOLs have been associated with postoperative hypotony, suture erosion with endophthalmitis, and late suture breakage leading to lens dislocation. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Sutureless techniques for intrascleral PCIOL fixation have also been described using scleral tunnels. [11][12][13][14] Recently, Yamane et al described a sutureless technique for intrascleral fixation of a posterior chamber lens using ab externo sclerotomies, simultaneous externalization of the lens haptics using two separate needles, and thermocauterization to flange the distal haptics with intrascleral fixation.…”