Localized Corrosion Resistance Of Welded Austenitic And Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

Johansson, Mikael; Westin, Elin M.; Oliver, James; Pettersson, Rachel

doi:10.1007/bf03321316

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…No pitting occurred in SVET testing because the solution used was less aggressive compared to the one used in CPT testing, but oxide dissolution was commonly observed as expected from Refs. . The heat tinted zone turned passive once the oxide had dissolved, indicating that the anodic activity was due to electrochemical reactions of the oxide, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Use of SVET to evaluate corrosion resistance of heat tinted stainless steel welds and effect of post‐weld cleaning

Fuertes

Bengtsson

Pettersson

et al. 2016

Materials & Corrosion

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Cover: The small cross section in the lower right part shows inter-and/or transcrystalline cracks in the wall sheet of a 20 years old swimming pool made of stainless steel. The samples tested as well as the visual on-site inspection revealed pitting at the outer surface of the wall sheet (see large photograph) which initiated stress corrosion cracking. The main cause for the pitting was not an unsuitable material but the environmental conditions at the outer surface enabling accumulation of chloride ions. (Copyright: BAM) Heat tints on stainless steels are known to have a detrimental effect on the corrosion resistance of the welded joints. In this article, a relation between the level of discolouration, thickness, composition and corrosion resistance has been done. Scanning vibrating electrode technique demonstrated that heat tints dissolve electrochemically and pickling is the only post-weld cleaning technique that removes the anodic activity over the welded joint.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some authors have considered the existence of a chromium‐depleted zone beneath the oxide as the main cause of an observed decrease in corrosion resistance . However, other authors instead reported that no such zone was found and suggested various mechanisms explaining the presence or lack of a chromium‐depleted zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of SVET to evaluate corrosion resistance of heat tinted stainless steel welds and effect of post‐weld cleaning

Fuertes

Bengtsson

Pettersson

et al. 2016

Materials & Corrosion

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“…An oxide film rich in Mn and Cr rather than Cr and Fe in DSS is consistent with the literature. 8,14 Manganese enrichment (~35 at%) 8 in the oxide film has been proposed to occur primarily via evaporation from the weld metal and redeposition from the gas phase as weld oxide, rather than diffusion from the metal substrate. 8,14 However, the role of Mn in the oxide film and corrosion susceptibility is not understood.…”

Section: Corrosion-august 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,9,15,[20][21] Recent work on DSS has reported a Mn-rich oxide film. 8,14 In previous research, 22 heat tinting was shown to have a significant effect on the localized corrosion and cracking resistance of 316L (UNS S31603) (1) stainless steel cladding in sour environments. This investigation has now been extended to DSS but with the focus on simulating conditions more representative of those manifested in the field, in particular where insufficient shielding during welding may occur, resulting in inferior quality welds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…8 impairs the corrosion resistance of the material. [13][14][15] The heat tint depends on the thickness of the oxide film resulting from the formation of an interference pattern in reflected light; the discoloration ranges from light yellow to dark blue to black, with darker color indicating a thicker oxide. To restore the corrosion resistance of the steel, removal of any discoloration darker than straw yellow is recommended and is typically performed by acid pickling or electropolishing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Weld Preparation Procedure and Heat Tinting on Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking of Duplex Stainless Steel

2015

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Corrosion resistant alloys, such as duplex stainless steel (DSS), are increasingly the material of choice for oilfield applications as a result of the trend toward more extreme temperature, higher pressure, and elevated levels of hydrogen sulfide. However, the susceptibility of such materials to localized corrosion and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) is a major consideration, particularly in the vicinity of welds. Here we investigate the effect of surface preparation and oxygen content in the backing gas during welding on the pitting and SSC susceptibility of 22Cr DSS. Four-point bend testing of welded specimens under conditions close to the pass/fail boundary revealed a greater tendency for pitting as a function of oxygen content in the backing gas. Pitting was concentrated in the heat-tinted region, whereas cracking was mainly observed in the adjacent coarse ground parent material, with surface defects from the grinding process acting as primary crack initiation sites. The results demonstrate that control of oxygen levels in the backing gas and careful pipe alignment during welding are critical to avoid undesirable effects of heat tint and stress concentration. In addition, grinding procedures preand post-welding should be reviewed, as these may simply replace one type of crack initiation site with another. KEY WORDS: backing gas, duplex stainless steel, heat tint, pitting, sulfide stress cracking, weld ISSN 0010-9312 (print), 1938-159X (online) 15/000169/$5.00+$0.50/0 © 2015, NACE International

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Localized corrosion of (lean) duplex stainless steels in immersion units of urban wastewater treatment plants

Larché

Emo

Johansson

et al. 2021

Materials & Corrosion

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With lower alloying cost and higher mechanical properties, lean duplex stainless steels can be an alternative to the more commonly used austenitic stainless steels. However, these alloys are still not the preferred choice, probably due to a lack of field experience. A study was thus initiated in view of defining the limits of use of selected (lean) duplexes for urban wastewater treatment units. The present paper shows the localized corrosion performance of selected lean duplexes in chloride contaminated solutions. The results are compared with austenitic S30403 and S31603 and with the more standard duplexes S82441 and S32205. The effect of welding was also investigated. Exposures in field municipal wastewater plants were conducted for 1 year in low and high chloride content units. The results show that lean duplexes S32101 and S32202 can be used as alternatives to S30403 and S31603 in low chloride electrolytes. At 500 ppm of chloride content, duplex stainless steel S32304 showed better corrosion resistance than S30403 and S31603. For higher chloride contents (1000 ppm and above) the standard duplexes S82441 and S32205 shall be preferred.

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Localized Corrosion Resistance Of Welded Austenitic And Lean Duplex Stainless Steels

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Use of SVET to evaluate corrosion resistance of heat tinted stainless steel welds and effect of post‐weld cleaning

Use of SVET to evaluate corrosion resistance of heat tinted stainless steel welds and effect of post‐weld cleaning

Influence of Weld Preparation Procedure and Heat Tinting on Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking of Duplex Stainless Steel

Localized corrosion of (lean) duplex stainless steels in immersion units of urban wastewater treatment plants

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