Localized Metabolic and T2 Changes Induced by Voluntary and Evoked Contractions

Jubeau, Marc; Fur, Yann Le; Duhamel, Guillaume; Wegrzyk, Jennifer; Confort‐Gouny, Sylviane; Vilmen, Christophe; Cozzone, Patrick J.; Mattei, Jean‐Pierre; Bendahan, David; Gondin, Julien

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000491

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Interestingly, we found heterogeneous activation patterns among the four muscles of the QF in response to the exercise. Indeed, T 2 changes were significantly higher in the RF as compared to both VL and VM muscles, which is in accordance with our previous study performed at a lower force level . It is noteworthy that a high interindividual variability was also observed in the T 2 changes induced by the exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Indeed, T 2 changes were significantly higher in the RF as compared to both VL and VM muscles, which is in accordance with our previous study performed at a lower force level. 44 It is noteworthy that a high interindividual variability was also observed in the T 2 changes induced by the exercise. It is well established that the profile (endurance/explosive) and/ or the training status of the volunteers (from recreationally active volunteers performing an unaccustomed exercise to volunteers trained in endurance exercises) can contribute to the interindividual difference in relative contribution of the QF muscle during an exercise performed at 60% MVC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In that way, the combination of sSE‐EPI sequence with a newly developed methodology based on statistical parametric mapping would allow accurately localizing muscle activation according to the muscle contraction modality ( e.g. voluntary vs. electrically evoked or concentric vs. eccentric).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Fouré

Duhamel

Vilmen

et al. 2016

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Fouré

Duhamel

Vilmen

et al. 2016

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging

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“…Muscle T 2 changes quantified immediately after the NMES session have been acknowledged as an indirect marker of muscle activation and used in order to identify muscle-activated areas during electrically-evoked contractions (Adams et al 1993;Kinugasa et al 2006;Jubeau et al 2015;Fouré et al 2017). Exercise-induced T 2 increase has been associated with an increased muscle volume and mainly related to an accumulation of intramuscular water from osmotically and/or hydrostatically driven fluid shifts (Meyer et al 2001;Damon et al 2002) and also to intracellular acidification (Louie et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial difference can occur between activated and damaged muscle areas following electrically‐induced isometric contractions

Fouré

Troter

Ogier

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points T2 mapping combined to image registration and statistical parametric mapping analysis is a suitable methodology to accurately localize and compare the extent of both activated and damaged muscle areas. Activated muscle areas following electrically‐induced isometric contractions are superficial, but damaged regions are muscle specific and can be related to the muscle morphology and/or the relative spatial position within a muscle group leading to potential intramuscular muscle shear strain. Tissues other than active skeletal muscle fibres can be altered during unaccustomed neuromuscular electrical stimulation‐induced isometric contractions. Abstract Skeletal muscle isometric contractions induced by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) exercise can generate damage within activated muscles. This study aimed at comparing the localization and the extent of NMES‐activated muscle areas and induced damage regions using magnetic resonance imaging. Thirteen healthy subjects performed a single bout of NMES‐induced isometric contractions known to induce a decrease in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) and increase in muscle volume and transverse relaxation time (T2). All the parameters were measured before, immediately after (POST), 7 days (D7), 14 days (D14) and 21 days (D21) after the NMES session. Spatial normalization of T2 maps were performed to compare the localization of muscle activation areas and damaged muscle regions from statistical mapping analyses. A significant decrease in MVC was found at POST (−26 ± 9%) and in delayed time at D7 (−20 ± 6%) and D14 (−12 ± 5%). Although muscle activation was statistically detected through T2 increase at POST in superficial parts of the two muscles located beneath the stimulation electrodes (i.e. vastus lateralis and vastus medialis), alterations quantified in a delayed time from increased T2 were mainly located in the deep muscle region of the vastus lateralis (+57 ± 24% of mean T2) and superficial area of the vastus medialis (+24 ± 16% of mean T2) at D7 and were still observed in whole muscle at D21. The discrepancy between activated and damaged areas in the vastus lateralis implies that tissues other than active skeletal muscle fibres were altered during unaccustomed NMES‐induced isomeric contractions.

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“…In the case of changes expected in disease, mean skeletal muscle T 2 ‐water increases between patient and control groups have been reported to be around 10–15% in Duchenne muscular dystrophy22, 25, 26 and Pompe disease 27. The metabolic sequelae of exercise immediately before measurement may increase muscle T 2 by around 5 ms (16%),28 with recovery within 45 minutes to baseline values 29. Eccentric exercise of sufficient intensity to result in muscle injury causes longer‐term T 2 changes, with for example a 2 ms increase detectable after 24 h,30 rising to a peak value up to 20 ms above baseline 3–5 days after injury 31…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and sensitivity of waterT₂obtained with IDEAL‐CPMG in healthy and fat‐infiltrated skeletal muscle

et al. 2016

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Quantifying muscle water T 2 (T 2‐water) independently of intramuscular fat content is essential in establishing T 2‐water as an outcome measure for imminent new therapy trials in neuromuscular diseases. IDEAL‐CPMG combines chemical shift fat–water separation with T 2 relaxometry to obtain such a measure. Here we evaluate the reproducibility and B 1 sensitivity of IDEAL‐CPMG T 2‐water and fat fraction (f.f.) values in healthy subjects, and demonstrate the potential of the method to quantify T 2‐water variation in diseased muscle displaying varying degrees of fatty infiltration.The calf muscles of 11 healthy individuals (40.5 ± 10.2 years) were scanned twice at 3 T with an inter‐scan interval of 4 weeks using IDEAL‐CPMG, and 12 patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) (42.3 ± 11.5 years) were also imaged. An exponential was fitted to the signal decay of the separated water and fat components to determine T 2‐water and the fat signal amplitude muscle regions manually segmented.Overall mean calf‐level muscle T 2‐water in healthy subjects was 31.2 ± 2.0 ms, without significant inter‐muscle differences (p = 0.37). Inter‐subject and inter‐scan coefficients of variation were 5.7% and 3.2% respectively for T 2‐water and 41.1% and 15.4% for f.f. Bland–Altman mean bias and ±95% coefficients of repeatability were for T 2‐water (0.15, −2.65, 2.95) ms and f.f. (−0.02, −1.99, 2.03)%. There was no relationship between T 2‐water (ρ = 0.16, p = 0.07) or f.f. (ρ = 0.03, p = 0.7761) and B 1 error or any correlation between T 2‐water and f.f. in the healthy subjects (ρ = 0.07, p = 0.40). In HypoPP there was a measurable relationship between T 2‐water and f.f. (ρ = 0.59, p < 0.001).IDEAL‐CPMG provides a feasible way to quantify T 2‐water in muscle that is reproducible and sensitive to meaningful physiological changes without post hoc modeling of the fat contribution. In patients, IDEAL‐CPMG measured elevations in T 2‐water and f.f. while showing a weak relationship between these parameters, thus showing promise as a practical means of quantifying muscle water in patient populations.

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Localized Metabolic and T2 Changes Induced by Voluntary and Evoked Contractions

Abstract: We provided direct evidence that the metabolic demand was strongly related to both the exercise modality and the site of stimulation. On the basis of the occurrence of Pi splitting, we suggested that NMES can activate fast muscle fibers even at low force levels.

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Spatial difference can occur between activated and damaged muscle areas following electrically‐induced isometric contractions

Stability and sensitivity of waterT₂obtained with IDEAL‐CPMG in healthy and fat‐infiltrated skeletal muscle

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Localized Metabolic and T2 Changes Induced by Voluntary and Evoked Contractions

Abstract: We provided direct evidence that the metabolic demand was strongly related to both the exercise modality and the site of stimulation. On the basis of the occurrence of Pi splitting, we suggested that NMES can activate fast muscle fibers even at low force levels.

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Fast measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle transverse relaxation time at high magnetic field using segmented echo-planar imaging

Spatial difference can occur between activated and damaged muscle areas following electrically‐induced isometric contractions

Stability and sensitivity of waterT2obtained with IDEAL‐CPMG in healthy and fat‐infiltrated skeletal muscle

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Stability and sensitivity of waterT₂obtained with IDEAL‐CPMG in healthy and fat‐infiltrated skeletal muscle