Locating the Precise Sources of High‐Frequency Microseisms Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Xiao, Han; Tanimoto, Toshiro; Spica, Zack; Gaite, Beatriz; Ruiz‐Barajas, Sandra; Pan, Meng-Shiuan; Viens, Loïc

doi:10.1029/2022gl099292

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Beyond the Ios fault line at roughly 25 km, the Scholte waves are no longer present in the data. A previous submarine DAS study with a similar setup showed a gradual change in the frequency content of microseismic sources with increasing depth (Xiao et al, 2022).…”

Section: Secondary Microseisms and Scholte Wavesmentioning

confidence: 73%

Challenges in submarine fiber-optic earthquake monitoring

Igel,

Klaasen,

Noe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Utilizing existing telecommunication cables for Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) experiments has eased the collection of seismological data in previously difficult-to-access areas such as the ocean bottom. To assess the potential of submarine DAS for monitoring seismic activity, we conducted an experiment from mid-October to mid-December 2021 using a 45 km long dark fiber extending from the Greek island of Santorini along the ocean bottom to the neighboring island of Ios. This region is of great geophysical and public interest because of its historical and recent seismic and volcanic activity, especially along the Kolumbo volcanic chain. Besides recording anthropogenic noise and around 1000 seismic events, we observe the primary and secondary microseisms in the submarine section, the latter inducing Scholte waves in a sediment layer where the cable is well-coupled. By using the spectral element wave propagation solver Salvus, we compute synthetic strains for earthquakes with varying degrees of model complexity. Despite including topography, a water layer, and a heterogeneous velocity model, we are unable to reproduce the lack of coherence in our observed earthquake waveforms. Backpropagation simulations for four observed earthquakes indicate that clear convergence of the wavefield, and thus the ability to constrain a source region, is only possible when all model complexities are considered. We conclude that, despite the promising emergence of DAS, monitoring capabilities are limited by often unfavorable cable geometries, cable coupling, and the complexity of the medium. Interrogating multiple cables simultaneously or jointly analyzing DAS and seismometer data could help improve future monitoring experiments.

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Section: Secondary Microseisms and Scholte Wavesmentioning

confidence: 73%

Challenges in submarine fiber-optic earthquake monitoring

Igel,

Klaasen,

Noe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Spica, Nishida, et al, 2020;Z. J. Spica -7-non-peer reviewed preprint submitted to EarthArXiv and Seismological Research Letters et al, 2022;Cheng et al, 2021;Williams et al, 2021;, assess detailed 200 nonlinear ground motion amplification , or precisely locate the sources 201 of microseisms (Xiao et al, 2022).…”

Section: Overview Of the Current Fields Of Application In Earth Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PubDAS: a PUBlic Distributed Acoustic Sensing datasets repository for geosciences

Spica¹,

Ajo‐Franklin²,

Beroza³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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During the past few years, Distributing Acoustic Sensing (DAS) has become an invaluable tool for recording high-fidelity seismic wavefields with great spatiotemporal resolutions. However, the considerable amount of data generated during DAS experiments limits their distribution with the broader scientific community. Such a bottleneck inherently slows down the pursuit of new scientific discoveries in geosciences. Here, we introduce PubDAS, the first large-scale open-source repository where several DAS datasets from multiple experiments are publicly shared. PubDAS currently hosts eight datasets covering a variety of geological settings (e.g., urban centers, underground mine, seafloor), spanning from several days to several years, offering both continuous and triggered active source recordings, and totalling up to ~90 Tb of data. This manuscript describes these datasets, their metadata, and how to access and download them. Some of these datasets have only been shallowly explored, leaving the door open for new discoveries in Earth sciences and beyond.

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“…They occupy the lower end of the oceanic wave spectrum, with a dominant frequency typically between 0.005 and 0.05 Hz (Herbers et al, 1994(Herbers et al, , 1995, and are primarily generated by nonlinear interactions between higher-frequency wind waves (Hasselmann et al, 1963;Longuet-Higgins & Stewart, 1962). Wind waves and ocean swells have shorter periods, typically ranging from 0.04 to 1 Hz, and are the dominating signal in subsea DAS studies (Lindsey et al, 2019;Williams et al, 2019;Xiao et al, 2022). Besides, the typical frequency band of tsunamis ranges from about 0.14 to 5 mHz (200-7,140 s).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DAS utilizes the optical phase changes in Rayleigh backscattered light within an optical fiber to function as thousands of vibration sensors. This innovative approach enables the fiber to act as a dense array capable of continuously detecting and analyzing seismo-acoustic signals along tens of kilometers (Farghal et al, 2022;Lindsey et al, 2019;Lior et al, 2021;Romanowicz et al, 2023;Sladen et al, 2019;Spica et al, 2020Spica et al, , 2022Spica et al, , 2023Viens et al, 2023;Williams et al, 2019;Xiao et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2022;Zhan, 2019). Unlike traditional sensors, DAS provides high-resolution data over large distances, allowing for real-time monitoring of seismic and ocean waves with unprecedented coverage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Earthquake Infragravity and Tsunami Waves With Underwater Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Xiao,

Spica,

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Underwater Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) utilizes optical fiber as a continuous sensor array. It enables high‐resolution data collection over long distances and holds promise to enhance tsunami early warning capabilities. This research focuses on detecting infragravity and tsunami waves associated with earthquakes and understanding their origin and dispersion characteristics through frequency‐wavenumber domain transformations and beamforming techniques. We propose a velocity correction method based on adjusting the apparent channel spacing according to water depth to overcome the challenge of detecting long‐wavelength and long‐period tsunami signals. Experimental results demonstrate the successful retrieval of infragravity and tsunami waves using a subsea optical fiber in offshore Oregon. These findings underscore the potential of DAS technology to complement existing infragravity waves detection systems, enhance preparedness, and improve response efforts in coastal communities. Further research and development in this field are crucial to fully utilize the capabilities of DAS for enhanced tsunami monitoring and warning systems.

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Locating the Precise Sources of High‐Frequency Microseisms Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Challenges in submarine fiber-optic earthquake monitoring

Challenges in submarine fiber-optic earthquake monitoring

PubDAS: a PUBlic Distributed Acoustic Sensing datasets repository for geosciences

Detection of Earthquake Infragravity and Tsunami Waves With Underwater Distributed Acoustic Sensing

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