Location and mechanism of very long period tremor during the 2008 eruption of Okmok Volcano from interstation arrival times

Haney, Matthew M.

doi:10.1029/2010jb007440

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Figures 8c and 8g show depth versus change in pressure. White dashed line denotes location of VLP tremor source [ Haney , 2010]. Light gray regions represent petrologic depth constraints [ Izbekov et al , 2005].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of very long period (VLP) tremor suggest that the 2008 eruption of Okmok was fed by fluids exiting the magma chamber into a shallow crack‐like conduit at z = −2000 m [ Haney , 2010]. HEHS‐based studies of InSAR data for the 2008 eruption, the 1997–2008 inter‐eruption period, and the 1997 eruption confirm that the vertical position of the deformation source, −3000 < S z < −2000 m, is generally persistent [ Lu et al , 2003, 2005; Lu and Dzurisin , 2010; Lu et al , 2010; Mann et al , 2002; Masterlark , 2007; Masterlark et al , 2010].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geochemical analyses of erupted materials are consistent with primitive magma from depth and brief storage in shallow reservoirs [ Finney et al , 2008]. Over the past decade, Okmok was instrumented with GPS instruments [ Fournier et al , 2009; Miyagi et al , 2004] and seismic networks [ Caplan‐Auerbach et al , 2004; Haney , 2010; Johnson et al , 2010; Masterlark et al , 2010]. Remote sensing data remain essential for monitoring Okmok, due to the relatively remote location of the volcano [ Dehn et al , 2000; Lu et al , 2003; Lu , 2007; Patrick et al , 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear estimation of geometric parameters in FEMs of volcano deformation: Integrating tomography models and geodetic data for Okmok volcano, Alaska

et al. 2012

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[1] The internal structure, loading processes, and effective boundary conditions of a volcano control the deformation observed at the Earth's surface. Using finite element models (FEMs), we simulate the response due to a pressurized magma chamber embedded in a domain having a distribution of elastic material properties. We present the Pinned Mesh Perturbation method (PMP) to automate the mesh generation process in response to perturbations of the position of a simulated magma chamber within an FEM domain. Using InSAR-observed deformation for the 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska, as an example, we combine PMP with nested Monte Carlo methods to estimate a set of linear and nonlinear parameters that characterize the depressurization and location of the magma chamber beneath Okmok's caldera. The three-dimensional FEMs used in the PMP method simulate the distribution of material properties of tomography models and account for the irregular geometry of the topography and bathymetry. The estimated depth of an assumed spherical magma chamber is 3527 À54 +55 m below sea level and is sensitive to the distribution of material properties. This depth is consistent with lithostatic pressure constraints and very long period tremor observations. The fit of this FEM to the InSAR data is a significant improvement, at the 95% confidence level, compared to the fit of a corresponding FEM having homogeneous material properties. The methods presented here allow us to construct deformation models that integrate tomography models with geodetic observations, in an effort to achieve a deeper understanding of active volcanoes.Citation: Masterlark, T., K. L. Feigl, M. Haney, J. Stone, C. Thurber, and E. Ronchin (2012), Nonlinear estimation of geometric parameters in FEMs of volcano deformation: Integrating tomography models and geodetic data for Okmok volcano, Alaska,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear estimation of geometric parameters in FEMs of volcano deformation: Integrating tomography models and geodetic data for Okmok volcano, Alaska

et al. 2012

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“…near field as well (Petrosino et al, 2011;De Lauro et al, 2012a). In addition, volcanic tremor with frequency content matching that of FB2 has been already observed in other areas (De Lauro et al, 2005;Haney, 2010) and a competition between volcanic and non-volcanic sources has been already detected at Stromboli, with the evidence of volcanic tremor during a phase of low-energy microseismic noise (De Lauro et al, 2005.…”

Section: Palo and P Cusano: Analysis Of The Seismic Noise At Volcmentioning

confidence: 86%

Wavefield decomposition and phase space dynamics of the seismic noise at Volcàn de Colima, Mexico: evidence of a two-state source process

Palo

Cusano

2013

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. We analyse the seismic noise recorded at the Colima Volcano (Mexico) in the period December 2005-May 2006 by four broadband three-component seismic stations. Specifically, we characterize the spectral content of the signal and follow its time evolution along all the data set. Moreover, we infer the properties of the attractor in the phase space by false nearest neighbours analysis and GrassbergerProcaccia algorithm, and adopt a time-domain decomposition method (independent component analysis) to find the basic constituents (independent components) of the system. Constraints on the seismic wavefield are inferred by the polarization analysis. We find two states of the background seismicity visible in different time-intervals that are Phase A and Phase B. Phase A has a spectrum with two peaks at 0.15 Hz and 0.3 Hz, with the latter dominating, an attractor of correlation dimension close to 3, three quasi-monochromatic independent components, and a relevant fraction of craterpointing polarization solutions in the near-field. In Phase B, the spectrum is preserved but with the highest peak at 0.15 Hz, the attractor has a correlation dimension close to 2, two independent components are extracted, and the polarization solutions are dominated by Rayleigh waves incoming from the southwest direction. We depict two sources acting on the background seismicity that are the microseismic noise loading on the Pacific coastline and a low-energy volcanic tremor. A change in the amplitude of the microseismic noise can induce the switching from a state of the system to the other.

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“…For example, during the 2008 eruption of Okmok Volcano, coeruptive tremor amplitude correlated poorly with volcanic plume height after the opening phase of the eruption. Haney [2010] estimates that the VLP tremor occurred along the length of a dike at 2 km depth. Thus, in the case of Okmok, Haney concludes that the primary tremor source likely reflected the flux of magma from the shallow magma chamber into the dike rather than mass ejection at the vent directly.…”

Section: Relating Plume Height To Seismic Wave Amplitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model

Prejean

Brodsky

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] In August 2008 an unmonitored, largely unstudied Aleutian volcano, Kasatochi, erupted catastrophically. Here we use seismic data to infer the height of large eruptive columns such as those of Kasatochi based on a combination of existing fluid and solid mechanical models. In so doing, we propose a connection between a common, observable, short-period seismic wave amplitude to the physics of an eruptive column.To construct a combined model, we estimate the mass ejection rate of material from the vent on the basis of the plume height, assuming that the height is controlled by thermal buoyancy for a continuous plume. Using the estimated mass ejection rate, we then derive the equivalent vertical force on the Earth through a momentum balance. Finally, we calculate the far-field surface waves resulting from the vertical force. The model performs well for recent eruptions of Kasatochi and Augustine volcanoes if v, the velocity of material exiting the vent, is 120-230 m s −1 . The consistency between the seismically inferred and measured plume heights indicates that in these cases the far-field ∼1 s seismic energy radiated by fluctuating flow in the volcanic jet during the eruption is a useful indicator of overall mass ejection rates. Thus, use of the model holds promise for characterizing eruptions and evaluating ash hazards to aircraft in real time on the basis of far-field short-period seismic data. This study emphasizes the need for better measurements of eruptive plume heights and a more detailed understanding of the full spectrum of seismic energy radiated coeruptively.Citation: Prejean, S. G., and E. E. Brodsky (2011), Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model,

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Location and mechanism of very long period tremor during the 2008 eruption of Okmok Volcano from interstation arrival times

Cited by 43 publications

References 39 publications

Nonlinear estimation of geometric parameters in FEMs of volcano deformation: Integrating tomography models and geodetic data for Okmok volcano, Alaska

Nonlinear estimation of geometric parameters in FEMs of volcano deformation: Integrating tomography models and geodetic data for Okmok volcano, Alaska

Wavefield decomposition and phase space dynamics of the seismic noise at Volcàn de Colima, Mexico: evidence of a two-state source process

Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model

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