Location negative priming in identity discrimination relies on location repetition

Chao, Hsuan-Fu; Yeh, Yei-Yu

doi:10.3758/bf03193533

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…According to the activation model of Malley and Strayer (1995); see also Strayer and Grison (1999), when a stimulus is repeatedly used in an experiment, it should have higher activation and competes with target processing to a greater extent than a nonrepeated stimulus does. As a result, the negative priming eVect is easier to be observed with repeated rather than nonrepeated stimuli (Chao & Yeh, 2005;Kramer & Strayer, 2001;Malley & Strayer, 1995;Strayer & Grions, 1999). Therefore, it should be more diYcult to select a target when its distractor was a well practiced, highly familiar stimulus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Attentional demand and memory retrieval in negative priming

Chao

Yeh

2007

Psychological Research

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Negative priming refers to delayed response to previous distractors, and can reflect the operation of attentional selection in prime trials. One important feature of negative priming is that it is modulated by the characteristics of probe trials. The current study manipulated competition from probe distractors and prime-probe similarity to examine the effects of attentional demand and memory retrieval in probe trials. The results demonstrated that the effects of attentional demand and memory retrieval on negative priming were dynamic. Distractor competition in probe trials affected negative priming in Experiment 1, and prime-probe similarity affected negative priming in Experiment 2. Moreover, negative priming in Experiment 3 was observed either when competition from probe distractors was strong or when identical spatial layouts were used in prime-probe couplets. Taken together, either competition from probe distractors or prime-probe similarity of spatial layouts was critical to the manifestation of negative priming at one time. Implications for distractor inhibition and memory retrieval in negative priming were discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Attentional demand and memory retrieval in negative priming

Chao

Yeh

2007

Psychological Research

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“…However, in negative priming, the inhibitory effect can be observed when a distractor is uninformative regarding the subsequent target and disti-actor (e.g.. Chao, 2009b;Chao & Yeh, 2005;Christie & Klein, 2001) and when the predictability of a distractor on the following target is higher than the chance level (e.g.. Chao, 2009b;Chao & Yeh, 2005;Frings & Wentura, 2005;Leboe & Milliken, 2004). Experiment 6 demonstrated that when the precue failed to enable a prediction of the upcoming distractor or target, no effect of a distractor precue benefit or cost was observed.…”

Section: Relation To Other Inhibition-related Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 94%

Active inhibition of a distractor word: The distractor precue benefit in the Stroop color-naming task.

Chao

2011

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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The current study investigated attentional control through active inhibition of the identity of the distractor. Adapting a Stroop paradigm, the distractor word was presented in advance and made to disappear, followed by the presentation of a Stroop stimulus. Participants were instructed to inhibit the distractor in order to reduce its interference. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated that the distractor precue facilitated Stroop color naming by reducing Stroop interference. Experiment 3 demonstrated beneficial effects of the distractor precue when congruent trials were introduced. Experiment 4 showed that the distractor precue benefit was observed when the cue and target were in different forms. Experiment 5 indicated that if the item used as the cue became the target, naming it took longer in order to overcome the inhibitory effect. Experiment 6 demonstrated that the benefit of the distractor precue was not observed when the cue was uninformative. Finally, Experiment 7 demonstrated that active inhibition required working-memory resources to operate. This study suggests that the best explanation for the distractor precue benefit is the active inhibition account.

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“…Neill, 2007). In particular, in spatial NP tasks, NP can be found even when targets and distractors are presented with a spatial separation of up to 12°of visual angle (Chao & Yeh, 2005; see also Guy & Buckolz, 2007, for evidence showing that targetdistractor distance seems to play no role in spatial NP), whereas in identity NP tasks, NP usually starts to diminish when the target and distractor are separated by no more than 3°of visual angle (e.g., Fox, 1994;Ruthruff & Miller, 1995). In addition, in identity NP tasks, the selection of a target object in the prime displays often seems to be a precondition for NP to occur (though, see Joordens et al, 2006, for an exception; see also the work by Milliken and colleagues, 1998) whereas, in spatial NP tasks, no selection of a target location is needed for NP to occur (Guy, Buckolz, & Pratt, 2004;Park & Kanwisher, 1994).…”

Section: Np In Different Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

2015

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Negative Priming (NP) is an influential paradigm in cognitive psychology that was originally developed to measure attentional selection. Yet, up to the mid-1990s, a large number of experimental reports questioned whether the NP effect is based on attentional inhibition and/or episodic retrieval processes. In this review, we summarize findings since the mid1990s and discuss new and old theoretical approaches to Negative Priming. We conclude that more than one process contributes to NP and that future research should analyze the conditions under which a particular process contributes to NP. Moreover, we argue that the paradigm -although it does not measure a single cognitive process alone -is still a useful tool for understanding selection in cognition. In fact, it might be a virtue of the paradigm that several cognitive processes work here together as selection in nonexperimental contexts is surely a multidimensional process. From this perspective, research on NP is relevant for all research fields analyzing selection. We therefore close our review by discussing the implications of the new evidence on NP for theories of selective attention.

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Location negative priming in identity discrimination relies on location repetition

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Attentional demand and memory retrieval in negative priming

Attentional demand and memory retrieval in negative priming

Active inhibition of a distractor word: The distractor precue benefit in the Stroop color-naming task.

The negative priming paradigm: An update and implications for selective attention

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