Location of F<sub>1</sub>ATPase-like Genes on the Physical Map of the<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>168 Chromosome

Sutherland, Katharine J.; Kobayashi, Tetsuo; Kudo, Toshiaki; Horikoshi, Koki

doi:10.1271/bbb.57.1202

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

1993

DOI: 10.1271/bbb.57.1202

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Location of F₁ATPase-like Genes on the Physical Map of theBacillus subtilis168 Chromosome

Katharine J. Sutherland

Tetsuo Kobayashi

Toshiaki Kudo

et al.

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1994

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“…However, very little is known about oxidative phosphorylation in this aerobic organism. Recently Sutherland et al localized F1 ATPase like genes at the NotI site at position 3780 on the SfiI-NotI physical map of B. subtilis (60). In the course of the B. subtilis genome sequencing project, we cloned and sequenced an operon of nine genes highly similar to other Bacillus atp operons and to the E. coli atp operon.…”

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Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

et al. 1994

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We cloned and sequenced an operon of nine genes coding for the subunits of the Bacillus subtilis FOF, ATP synthase. The arrangement of these genes in the operon is identical to that of the atp operon from Escherichia coli and from three other Bacillus species. The deduced amino acid sequences of the nine subunits are very similar to their counterparts from other organisms. We constructed two B. subtilis strains from which different parts of the atp operon were deleted. These B. subtilis atp mutants were unable to grow with succinate as the sole carbon and energy source. ATP was synthesized in these strains only by substrate-level phosphorylation. The two mutants had a decreased growth yield (43 and 56% of the wild-type level) and a decreased growth rate (61 and 66% of the wild-type level), correlating with a twofold decrease of the intracellular ATP/ADP ratio. In the absence of oxidative phosphorylation, B. subtilis increased ATP synthesis through substrate-level phosphorylation, as shown by the twofold increase of by-product formation (mainly acetate). The increased turnover of glycolysis in the mutant strain presumably led to increased synthesis of NADH, which would account for the observed stimulation of the respiration rate associated with an increase in the expression of genes coding for respiratory enzymes. It therefore appears that B. subtilis and E. coli respond in similar ways to the absence of oxidative phosphorylation.ATP plays a central role in energy transduction in living organisms. Although some ATP is synthesized in aerobiosis by soluble enzyme systems like glycolytic enzymes that perform substrate-level phosphorylation, most is synthesized by membrane-bound enzyme complexes through oxidative phosphorylation. The energy-transducing membranes, where these complexes are found, are the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells, the inner membrane of mitochondria, and the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi is catalyzed by the ATP synthase complex and is driven by the proton gradient. This gradient is generated by respiration in mitochondria and respiring bacteria and by photosynthesis in chloroplasts and photosynthetic bacteria.ATP

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confidence: 99%

“…In the course of the B. subtilis genome sequencing project, we cloned and sequenced an operon of nine genes highly similar to other Bacillus atp operons and to the E. coli atp operon. This operon includes the atp-like genes found by Sutherland et al (60). We constructed B. subtilis strains in which part of this operon is deleted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

et al. 1994

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Location of F₁ATPase-like Genes on the Physical Map of theBacillus subtilis168 Chromosome

Cited by 1 publication

References 2 publications

Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

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Location of F1ATPase-like Genes on the Physical Map of theBacillus subtilis168 Chromosome

Cited by 1 publication

References 2 publications

Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

Bacillus subtilis F0F1 ATPase: DNA sequence of the atp operon and characterization of atp mutants

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Location of F₁ATPase-like Genes on the Physical Map of theBacillus subtilis168 Chromosome