Location of Mental Foramen Based on Soft- and Hard-Tissue Landmarks in a Chinese Population

Guo, Jing; Su, Lue; Zhao, Jianye; Li, Yang; Lv, Dong; Li, You Qiong; Cheng, Fu Bo

doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e3181bf85f4

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ignoring the presence of an AMF may cause unexpected damage to the neurovascular bundles or lead to the failure of a mental nerve block. In the present study, AMF were found in 5.81% of patients, which was similar to the 5% incidence reported in a previous study in a Chinese population [5]. The incidence of AMF appears to vary among ethnic groups; Mwaniki et al reported multiple foramina in 4.5% of an African population [17], Kalender et al observed AMF in 6.5% of a Turkish population [18], and incidences of 6.68% and 7% were found in Greek [19] and Japanese [20] populations, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Thus, it is important to explore the precise position of the MF and its relationship with peripheral structures. However, previous studies of the MF, which were performed on human cadavers [5,6] or using panoramic radiographs [7,8], had some shortcomings. Sample sizes were relatively small, and the superimposition of structures on radiographs made it difficult to identify the three-dimensional (3D) relationships between the MF and root apices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomic Relationship between Mental Foramen and Peripheral Structures Observed By Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Zhang¹,

Zheng²

2015

Anat Physiol

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IntroductionThe mental foramen (MF) is a funnel-like opening located on the lateral aspect of the mandible. It is an important anatomical landmark through which the inferior alveolar nerve and vessel bundles pass. Once the nerve leaves the MF, it branches to innervate the anterior teeth and neighboring structures. The blood vessels supply the soft tissues of the lower jaw. Surgeons must establish the position of the MF accurately because any invasive procedure performed in this oral and maxillofacial region may damage the neurovascular bundles and cause serious sequelae, such as labiomandibular paresthesia or anesthesia [1,2]. Knowledge of the precise position of the MF would also facilitate a mental nerve block.Although root canal therapy is the primary method to treat endodontic diseases, its rate of success is less than 100% and some patients require periapical surgery [3,4]. Because the MF is located near the root apices of the mandibular premolars, periapical surgery performed in this region may damage the neurovascular bundles. Thus, it is important to explore the precise position of the MF and its relationship with peripheral structures. However, previous studies of the MF, which were performed on human cadavers [5,6] or using panoramic radiographs [7,8], had some shortcomings. Sample sizes were relatively small, and the superimposition of structures on radiographs made it difficult to identify the three-dimensional (3D) relationships between the MF and root apices.Recently, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been introduced to dental practice. It has shown several advantages, such as improved spatial resolution and reduced radiation dose. This technique has significantly improved the 3D imaging of osseous structures [9,10]. Due to these superiorities, CBCT has been utilized frequently in dental practice, such as for the diagnosis of endodontic diseases and the planning of periapical surgery and implant placement. A large CBCT database has thus accumulated, allowing the analysis of particular features in a large sample. CBCT also enables the visualization of 3D structures from different directions, and the ability to avoid superimposition allows the relationships between peripheral structures to be identified clearly. No significant difference in measurements of mandibular anatomy made with CBCT software or calipers has been found [11][12][13]. Hence, the exploration of the precise location of the MF could be facilitated by the use of CBCT images. The aim of this study was to investigate the position of the MF and its relationship to AbstractBackgroud: This study investigated the anatomic relationship between mental foramen and peripheral structures using cone-beam computed tomography. Methods:In total, 172 cone-beam computed tomography images were evaluated. Mental foramen number, size, and form were recorded, and their three-dimensional relationships with mandibular premolar root apices were investigated. The percentile position of each mental foramen relative to bony reference points was measure...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic Relationship between Mental Foramen and Peripheral Structures Observed By Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Zhang¹,

Zheng²

2015

Anat Physiol

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“…Dados que corroboram com os estudos de Manhães Jr et al (2009) Estudos realizados em diferentes grupos populacionais mostram que a localização do FM é predominantemente, abaixo do segundo pré-molar classe IV (APINHASMIT et al, 2006;KIM et al, 2006;GUO et al, 2009, SANKAR, BHANU, SUSAN, 2011SAITO, et al, 2015). A classe V, onde forame está localizado entre o segundo pré-molar e primeiro molar, foi observada em 10,5% dos casos (Tabela 2).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Forame Mentual: verificação da localização por meio de radiografia panorâmica

Oliveira

Menezes²,

Falcão³

et al. 2017

J.Interdisc.Bio.

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INTRODUÇÃOO conhecimento anatômico do forame mentual (FM) e suas variações são de interesse em diversas áreas da odontologia. Durante procedimentos cirúrgicos, como cirurgias ortognáticas e instalação de implantes (BAHLIS et al., 2010) e até mesmo durante a anestesia, o planejamento anatômico é imprescindível, evitando danos ao feixe vásculo-nervoso presente na região (TEIXEIRA et al., 2007; MORAES et al., 2008; MANHÃES et al., 2009;LIMA et al., 2010). Ademais, a distinção entre processos patológicos e estruturas anatômicas na mandíbula torna-se, muitas vezes, difícil durante clínica, assim como no A B S T R A C TThe topography of the mentual foramen is of great importance in the dental clinic in order to provide the performance of safe procedures in the mandible. However, their location and characteristics may vary among populations. The objective of the present study was to describe the topography and anatomical variations of the mental foramen by means of panoramic radiographs. A retrospective cross-sectional study, performed by a previously calibrated examiner, analyzed the right and left antigens of 100 panoramic radiographs, totaling 200 foramens.. Mental foramen was classified according to the position in relation to the lower teeth and the height relative to the base of the mandible. The radiographs were analyzed using a negatoscope and a digital caliper. As for the position of the teeth, it was observed that the class III foramen (62%) was the one with the highest prevalence, followed by class VI (23.5%), class V (10.5%), class VI (2%) and classes I (1%) and II (1%). The highest heights were 13mm and 14mm for the left and right sides respectively. There were variations in the localization of the mental foramen, with a higher prevalence of the foramen situated between the first and second premolars. However, there was proximity between the dimensions and the location of the mental foramen on both sides of the same radiographic examination. K E Y W O R D SMandible, anatomic variation, panoramic radiograph R E S U M OA topografia do forame mentual é de grande importância na clínica odontológica, porque proporciona a realização de procedimentos seguros na mandíbula; no entanto, sua localização e características podem variar entre as populações. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever a topografia e as variações anatômicas do forame mental por meio de radiografias panorâmicas. Sendo um estudo retrospectivo transversal, feito por examinador previamente calibrado, foram analisados os antímeros direito e esquerdo de 100 radiografias panorâmicas, totalizando 200 forames. O forame foi classificado quanto à posição, em relação aos dentes inferiores, e quanto à altura, em relação à base da mandíbula. A análise das radiografias foi realizada sob negatoscópio e com auxílio de paquímetro digital. A estatística foi do tipo descritiva. Quanto à posição dos dentes, observou-se que o forame classe III (62%) foi o de maior prevalência, seguido pelos de classe IV (23,5%), classe V (10,5%), classe VI (2%) e classes I...

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“…The overall mean distance lateral to the chelion was 3.4 mm bilaterally. Guo et al 22 indirectly measured the horizontal distance from the chelion to the mental foramen on digitalized photographs. A mean distance of 3.55 mm (SD 1.70 mm) mesial to the chelion in the frontal view and 7.19 mm (SD 3.03 mm) lateral to the chelion on the lateral view was recorded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only two prior studies described the position of the mental foramen in relation to soft tissue landmarks; however, both studies conducted their measurements on digitalized radiographs. 22,23 With tooth loss and wear, variation in hard tissue landmarks such as the premolar teeth are expected. 13,21 On the other hand, whilst it is noted that there is a decrease in facial skin turgor with advancing age, soft tissue landmarks such as the chelion are more likely to remain static and perhaps may even be more accurate when used as a landmark in locating the mental foramen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%