Locomotor, cardiocirculatory and metabolic adaptations to training in Andalusian and Anglo-Arabian horses

Muñoz, A.; Santisteban, R.; Rubio, María Dolores Mesa; Agüera, Estrella I.; Escribano, Begoña M.; Castejón, Francisco

doi:10.1053/rvsc.1998.0235

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…However, the further rise in RR in spite of the decrease in HR during the recovery period indicated that more factors that oxygen demands are involved in the exercise-induced tachypnea. Accumulation of LA within the body causes modifications in acid-base status with acidosis of metabolic origin and respiratory compensation with hyperventilation (Munoz et al, 1999b). In fact, a significant positive correlation between plasma LA accumulation and RR was found in this research (r 2 = 0.650).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…HR is considered an indicator of the relative cardiovascular workload and therefore, it is very useful to monitor the intensity of a training session as well as to detect subclinical diseases or pain (Foreman et al, 1990;Munoz et al, 1999b). Indeed, in horses, a delayed HR recovery after exercise is indicative of exhaustion due to the lack of fitness or the appropriate training level for the required exercise intensity (Munoz et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

Rovira¹,

Muñoz²,

Benito³

2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:Exercise induces a variety of physiological and laboratorial changes of different magnitude and direction, depending on the characteristics of the performed exercise (duration and intensity) and on the fitness and training level of the dog. The present research aims to describe the normal response to a session of search and rescue exercise in trained dogs in order to distinguish these changes from those derived from exhaustion or diseases. Nine healthy and trained dogs of both sexes (five females and four males), aged between 24 months and seven years (mean: 3.5 years) were studied. Exercise consisted in a normal session of searching and rescue training of 20 min of duration, carried out in an open terrain. During the exercise, heart rate (HR) was monitored continuously with a HR-meter. Furthermore, respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured and venous blood samples were extracted at rest (R), immediately after exercise (E) and at 5, 15 and 30 min of a passive recuperation (5REC, 15REC and 30REC). The following laboratorial parameters were studied: red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HB), packed cell volume (PCV), RBC volumetric indices, white blood cells (WBC), creatinine (CREAT), total plasma protein (TPP), lactate (LA), glucose (GLU), triacylglycerols (TAG), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Na, K, Cl, cortisol (CORT) and insulin (INS). Clinical signs indicative of exhaustion or exercise intolerance were not observed in the dogs during the study. HR increased with E and remained over the reference range until 30REC. RR and RT also rose with E, with the highest RR at 5REC. RBC, HB and PCV were not affected by E, whereas WBC increased at E. TPP, GLU, AST and K were not affect by E neither by REC. E induced elevations in CK, LDH, LA and INS, reaching R values at 30REC, 30REC, 15REC and 5REC, respectively. Plasma Na decreased with E and recovered at 30REC. Plasma Cl decreased with E, without additional significant changes. Circulating CORT concentrations were reduced with E, with the highest reduction at 10REC. Modifications of RR, RT, WBC, CREAT and TAG persisted throughout the recovery period. In conclusion, significant modifications in physiological and laboratorial parameters were induced by the searching and rescue exercise, with values outside the reference range for healthy dogs. These data provide a data base for evaluating ill or injured dogs during this type of exercise. In addition, there was not evidence of dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and stress or muscle disorders in the studied dogs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

Rovira¹,

Muñoz²,

Benito³

2008

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…Both the intensity and the duration of the exercise determine the magnitude of the catecholamine response (Kurosawa et al, 1998). The extent of the increase in PCV is a function of the exercise intensity in maximal exercises and in increasing-intensity exercises and a linear relationship between PCV and speed has been described (Persson, 1983;Muñoz et al, 1998;1999). This relationship is maintained until the maximum PCV is achieved (60-65%) (Persson, 1983).…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A decrease of 5-10% in plasma volume is expected in short-term and in incremental-intensity exercises (McKeever et al, 1993;Muñoz et al, 1998). This reduction is attributed to the loss of sweat in order to dissipate heat produced by muscle contraction and to the exchange of fluids between the different body compartments, because of changes in blood pressure (McKeever et al, 1993;Muñoz et al, 1998;1999).…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Factors in the Interpretation of Equine Hematological Profile

Satué¹,

Hernández²,

Muñoz³

2012

Hematology - Science and Practice

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“…Ten months of training decreased the stride length of sixteen male Andalusia horses, young and adult, and increased swing duration (Cano 1999). Another protocol (two tests of an increasing intensity work test at velocities of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 m/sec, separated by three months) on 20 Andalusia horses of around 4 years of age produced an increase stride frequency and a reduced stride length and vertical stride component (Munoz 1999). Conclusions are rarely unanimous because of the diversity of breed, age, type and duration of training and the test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The trot characteristics during the first years of dressage training

Biau¹,

Barrey²

2004

PHK

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SummaryThe purpose of this study was to analyse the gait changes in young horses trained for dressage. An accelerometric device fixed at the sternum measured the dorsoventral and longitudinal acceleration of the riding horse. Fourteen young horses (4, 5 and 6 year-olds) trained for dressage were recorded during dressage tests. They were tested during three years. Eight variables were calculated to quantify the rhythm, the regularity, the symmetry, the longitudinal and vertical activities of each figure of dressage test at trot. A variance analysis tested the effect of the first three years of dressage training on the trot variables. It was found that stride frequency decreased significantly (P<0.05) after two years of training (1.34 stride/s at the beginning of training and 1.26 strides/s at six year old) and that dorsoventral displacement increased after one year of dressage training before stabilizing at 0.13 m (P<0.05). However, the symmetry and the regularity of the trot could be altered at some point during training.Keywords: dressage, training, young horses, locomotion, kinetic Charakterisika des Trabes während der drei ersten Jahre der DressurarbeitZiel der Arbeit war, die Veränderungen des Gangbildes beim jungen Pferd, während der ersten Jahre der Dressur zu analysieren. Die Charakterisika des Trabes wurden durch Messen der longitudinalen und dorsoventralen Beschleunigungen des Pferdes mit Hilfe eines am Brustbeinbereich fixierten Beschleunigungssensors ermittelt. Vierzehn junge, im Dressurtraining befindliche Pferde wurden während der Dressuraufgaben gemessen und drei Jahre lang auf dieser Weise beobachtet. Es wurden acht Komponenten berechnet, um die Schrittfrequenz, Regelmäßigkeit des Schrittes, Symmetrie des Schrittes sowie die longitudinalen und dorsoventralen Bewegungen bei jeder Dressuraufgabe quantitativ zu erfassen. Eine Varianzanalyse überprüfte den Effekt der dreijährigen Dressurausbildung auf die Charakteristika des Trabes. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Schrittfrequenz nach den zwei Jahren der Dressurausbildung signifikant (p<0,05) veringerte (1,34 Schritte/s zu Beginn des Trainings und 1,26 Schritte/s bei den 6 Jahre alten Pferden). Die dorsoventrale Bewegung nahm nach dem ersten Jahr Dressurarbeit zu, um sich dann bei o,13 m (p<0,05) zu stabilisieren.Die Symmetrie und die Regelmäßigkeit des Trabes änderen sich jedoch zu zu besonderen Zeitpunkten der Ausbildung.

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Locomotor, cardiocirculatory and metabolic adaptations to training in Andalusian and Anglo-Arabian horses

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

Effect of exercise on physiological, blood and endocrine parameters in search and rescue-trained dogs

Physiological Factors in the Interpretation of Equine Hematological Profile

The trot characteristics during the first years of dressage training

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