Logging and fire regimes alter plant communities

Bowd, Elle; Lindenmayer, David B.; Banks, Sam C.; Blair, David

doi:10.1002/eap.1693

Cited by 66 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(380 reference statements)

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“…3. Bowd et al (2018) also documented an increased abundance of resprouting plants and reduced populations of on-site seeders after multiple fires. Soil properties included microtopographic variability and forest floor litter, fibric, and humic horizons.…”

Section: Repeat Firesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Key soil metrics including organic carbon and available phosphorus and potassium were reduced (Bowd et al 2019), in addition to a reduction in resprouting plants (Bowd et al 2018). Key soil metrics including organic carbon and available phosphorus and potassium were reduced (Bowd et al 2019), in addition to a reduction in resprouting plants (Bowd et al 2018).…”

Section: Fire and Intensive Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Kishchuk et al (2015) attributed delayed recovery of carbon and soil organic matter to removal of charred material that would have otherwise been incorporated in forest floor recovery. Bowd et al (2018) reported that, although on-site seeders persisted in salvaged sites, resprouting species exhibited significant reductions. Similarly, Knapp and Ritchie (2016) attributed reduced shrub cover and richness to mechanical impacts of salvage logging, but noted that, of the multiple functional groups and life-history categories assessed, only shrubs were significantly impacted.…”

Section: Fire and Salvage Loggingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These distinctions most commonly involved differential recovery related to the expression of speciesspecific life-history strategies (Buma and Wessman 2012, Knapp and Ritchie 2016, Bowd et al 2018, but also involved a distinction between recovery time and trajectory (Lang et al 2009, White et al 2014) and forest succession and development (Bonilla-Moheno 2012, Matusick et al 2016, Sass et al 2018. These distinctions most commonly involved differential recovery related to the expression of speciesspecific life-history strategies (Buma and Wessman 2012, Knapp and Ritchie 2016, Bowd et al 2018, but also involved a distinction between recovery time and trajectory (Lang et al 2009, White et al 2014) and forest succession and development (Bonilla-Moheno 2012, Matusick et al 2016, Sass et al 2018.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological consequences of compound disturbances in forest ecosystems: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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Investigations of compound disturbances that alter forest resilience (i.e., recovery time or trajectory) have escalated over the past two decades. We used a systematic approach to identify and describe the ecological consequences of discrete forest disturbance events involved in compound interactions. Fire, wind disturbance, and salvage logging were the most common disturbance types investigated. Most compound interactions occurred in North America and involved five or fewer years between disturbances. Common and interrelated disturbance legacies that facilitated compound interactions included reduced seed source availability, deadwood deposition and extraction, and increased light and growing space availability. Forest recovery was assessed with a diversity of metrics including woody and herbaceous plants, soil properties, and carbon stocks, which sometimes determined whether and what kind of compound interaction was detected. Distinctions between recovery time and trajectory, forest succession and development, and species-specific and community-level responses also influenced the detection and direction of compound interactions. Moving forward, we advocate a more holistic approach to quantify ecosystem recovery that considers multiple response variables. Other opportunities to improve compound disturbance ecology include increased emphasis on understudied disturbance types, regions, and forest types. We also encourage more research on buffering interactions that increase forest resilience, which were underrepresented in this review.

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Section: Repeat Firesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Fire and Intensive Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Fire and Salvage Loggingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological consequences of compound disturbances in forest ecosystems: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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“…, Pausas and Keeley , Bowd et al. ). For example, studies from the southeastern and mid‐continental United States reveal that burn frequency can control herbaceous vs. woody dominance (Glitzenstein et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed fire regimes subtly alter ponderosa pine forest plant community structure

Kerns

Day

2018

Ecosphere

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Prescribed fire is an active management tool used to address wildfire hazard and ecological concerns associated with fire exclusion and suppression over the past century. Despite widespread application in the United States, there is considerable inconsistency and lack of information regarding the extent to which specific outcomes are achieved and under what prescribed fire regimes, particularly in regard to ecological goals related to plant community structure. We quantify differences and patterns in plant functional group abundance, species richness and diversity, and other key forest components through time from a unique long‐term (15‐yr) experiment within the Malheur National Forest of Oregon. Treatments included five fire regimes: fall and spring 5‐yr burning, fall and spring single burn, and no burning. Original burns were conducted in the fall of 1997 and spring of 1998, and plant data were collected every five years starting in 2002. Many perennial plant group responses were neutral, subtle, and ephemeral. Total cover increased marginally in response to the first burn, but this response disappeared within a decade. Three 5‐yr reburns did not increase or decrease total plant cover, richness, or diversity. Some plant groups with fire resistant and resilient traits, such as annual forbs, exotic forbs, open bunchgrasses, and rhizomatous and resprouting perennials, showed some short‐term positive responses to initial burning and 1–2 reburns, but not 3. The moderately more severe fall burns generally impacted plant responses more than spring burning, but many patterns were legacies from the original higher severity burns. Burn frequency was more important for less severe spring burning. Overall, we document that most native perennial plant functional groups were able to resist or recover from burning and reburning, but did not necessarily strongly respond. This may be due to the importance of other overriding forcing factors and ecosystem inertia not easily overcome by very low‐severity prescribed burns. Results from our study are important for practitioners using prescribed fire to achieve biodiversity, conservation, and habitat goals that hinge on a vigorous native perennial plant response, as such outcomes are not certain even with frequent burn regimes.

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Human Dimensions: Vegetation Ecology

Malanson

Franklin

Talal

et al. 2020

Bulletin Ecologic Soc America

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Vegetation ecology is an important component of the human dimensions of the Ecological Society of America (ESA) because it is concerned with ecosystem services and ecosystems as potential natural hazards, which are important for the management of natural and modified landscapes. Moreover, its elements respond to the five major drivers of global change: land (and sea)-use change, climate change, invasive species, pollution, and direct exploitation (IPBES 2019). These anthropogenic changes in the structure of plant communities can change their functions and thus their services and potential threats (Clark et al. 2017). The significance of vegetation ecology to different stakeholders is often interwoven into vegetation research. Among the many stakeholders are Native Americans on tribal lands and urban minority communities. Native American cultural and economic activities are often vegetation-dependent, and urban populations benefit from the ecosystem services of plants but often lack equitable access to green space. Thus, vegetation ecology has great potential for bringing new perspectives into ecology because of its diverse stakeholders. We will discuss these groups after examining the most salient activities in vegetation ecology. Activity in Vegetation Ecology Classification Classification is a core component of vegetation ecology, and its role in ESA is driven by its relevance to stakeholders (Franklin et al. 2015). Vegetation classes are identifiable, can be mapped, and meet the needs of land managers who must work on the basis of defined units. Classification is especially important for standardizing the terms and concepts that allow managers to collaborate across agencies. The need for classification led to the US National Vegetation Classification (USNVC), which is the focus of activity by ESA's Vegetation Classification Panel (more information available online). 1 The application of the USNVC continues to grow and is the national standard for all government organizations (FGDC 2008). The USNVC has been used for all national parks (Muldavin et al. 2012), has been linked to forest inventory data (Costanza et al. 2018), and is used as the existing vegetation classification for LANDFIRE (description of LANDFIRE available online). 2 These baseline data are a basis for linking multiple perspectives in ecology and creating collaborations across ESA (Peet et al. 2012), and especially important for monitoring change. Research related to global change Of the five major drivers of global change, three are more frequently studied by vegetation ecologists: climate change, land-use change, and invasive species. Each has potential for connections of interests across ESA and with diverse stakeholders.

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Logging and fire regimes alter plant communities

Cited by 66 publications

References 90 publications

Ecological consequences of compound disturbances in forest ecosystems: a systematic review

Ecological consequences of compound disturbances in forest ecosystems: a systematic review

Prescribed fire regimes subtly alter ponderosa pine forest plant community structure

Human Dimensions: Vegetation Ecology

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