Logic gating of low-abundance molecules using polyelectrolyte-based diodes

Abstract

The electrical response and asymmetric ion transport affected the transport of low-abundance molecules across the diode. Integration of multiple diodes enabled implementation of an OR logic operation on both the voltage and the molecule transport.

Geometrically Scalable Iontronic Memristors: Employing Bipolar Polyelectrolyte Gels for Neuromorphic Systems

“…The design of the iontronic bipolar memristors is shown in Figure a. A facile and robust fabrication technique was employed to rapidly prototype the memristor designs, as detailed in the Methods section and in on our previous works. , First, a planar double-sided adhesive sheet was cut to specific patterns by a femtosecond laser (refer to geometry design in Figure S1 and the fabrication process in Figure S2). The design included a shallow middle channel to facilitate effective modulation of ion transport via in-channel ICP.…”

“…Iontronic systems capable of mimicking energy-efficient biological information processing are attracting increasing interest. − Compared with electronic systems, iontronics can transduce and process both electrical and chemical signals via the transport of various ions and charged molecules in aqueous solutions or polymers, reminiscent of signal transmission in biological systems. Micro-/nanofluidic iontronics are usually composed of nanometer-sized fluidic structures that exhibit high ion permselectivity due to overlapping electrical double layers (EDLs). , Recently reported advancements include nonlinear fluidic devices such as ionic diodes, − transistors, , and capacitors . These devices are not only pivotal to fundamental research but carry potential for various applications in energy harvesting, − chemical sensing, electrokinetic preconcentration, , and biohybrid interfacing. , Specifically, iontronic nanofluidic memristors have been used to realize basic neuromorphic functions, by leveraging various mechanisms such as in-channel concentration polarization, − ion adsorption at the nanofluidic wall, , salt precipitation, interionic/molecular interactions, , electrochemical reactions, and liquid–liquid interface movement. ,,− Such memristors are capable of producing ionic memory spanning from milliseconds ,, to over an hour, ,, with conductance on/off ratios varying from 2 to 20 …”

“…Micro-/nanofluidic iontronics are usually composed of nanometer-sized fluidic structures that exhibit high ion permselectivity due to overlapping electrical double layers (EDLs). 13 , 14 Recently reported advancements include nonlinear fluidic devices such as ionic diodes, 15 − 18 transistors, 19 , 20 and capacitors. 21 These devices are not only pivotal to fundamental research but carry potential for various applications in energy harvesting, 22 − 24 chemical sensing, 25 electrokinetic preconcentration, 26 , 27 and biohybrid interfacing.…”

Modeling the Transient Behavior of Ionic Diodes with the Nernst–Planck–Poisson Equations

“…Ionic junctions have been used for a variety of functions, including energy harvesting of both mechanical [ 15,16 ] and osmotic energy, [ 17–19 ] electrochromic displays, [ 20 ] and spatial control of small charged molecules. [ 21–23 ]…”

“…performed a transient simulation of an ionic diode, but did not share transient results for the diode itself, limiting their discussion to the equilibrium state. [ 23 ] Carneiro‐Net et al. simulated the transient response of a micropore‐based diode, with interesting conclusions, but did not discuss the internal mechanisms in detail; micropore diodes operate in both a different regime and with a different principle than bulk polyelectrolyte diodes.…”