Lokomat Robotic-Assisted Versus Overground Training Within 3 to 6 Months of Incomplete Spinal Cord Lesion

Alcobendas-Maestro, M.; Esclarín-Ruz, Ana; Casado-López, R.; Muñoz-González, Alejandro; Pérez-Mateos, Guillermo; González-Valdizán, Esteban; Martín, Juan Antonio González

doi:10.1177/1545968312448232

Cited by 146 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Israel et al [23], Hunt et al [39], and Jack et al [40] also presented values for peak V O 2 (14,16, and 28 mL/kg/min, respectively) obtained during maximal active robotic walking that were substantially higher than values of the present study (V O 2robot = 6.8 mL/kg/min). During active walking in these studies, subjects were supposed to push against the orthoses with their legs while walking.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Speed, BWS, and amount of assistance can be adjusted to individual ability in order to create a challenging environment where patients can practice stepping. Most studies investigating robot-assisted gait training in iSCI focused on the effectiveness of improving neurologic and motor function and concluded that it is an appropriate therapy for improving walking ability [16][17]. Although there is some knowledge with regard to the cardiovascular effects of BWS treadmill training with manual assistance [13,[18][19][20][21], little is documented about the cardiorespiratory effects of robot-assisted gait training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of robotic gait training on cardiorespiratory system in incomplete spinal cord injury

et al. 2013

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Abstract-The objectives in this study were to investigate the effect of robot-assisted gait training on cardiorespiratory fitness in subjects with motor incomplete spinal cord injury and document the exercise intensity of robotic walking in comparison with the recommended guidelines. Ten patients followed a 24-session training program with a robotic gait orthosis in addition to physiotherapy sessions completed within 10 to 16 wk. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined in a graded arm crank exercise test before and after the training program. To assess the intensity of robot-assisted walking, oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) and heart rate (HR) were measured during a training session early in and at the end of the training program, and exercise intensity measures (percentage of VO 2 reserve [%VO 2 R], percentage of HR reserve [%HRR], and metabolic equivalents [METs]) were calculated. Whereas no changes were found in peak VO 2 , the resting and submaximal HR at a constant work load were significantly lower after training. Most subjects exercised at low intensity (<30%VO 2 R, <30%HRR, <3.0 METs), and only two subjects exercised at moderate intensity (>3.0 METs). In spite of the low exercise intensity of the training program and no changes in peak VO 2 , robot-assisted gait training induced some improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, as suggested by lower resting and submaximal HR values.Clinical Trial Registration: ISRCTN Register, ISRCTN67827069, "Recovery of Walking Ability Using a Robotic Device"; http://www. controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN67827069

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of robotic gait training on cardiorespiratory system in incomplete spinal cord injury

et al. 2013

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“…12,84,87 It also uses a six-point scale for MMT grading, but instead of isolated muscles, it evaluates muscle groups, which should also be determined by the examiner. 103 Another scale applied to MMT grading is that elaborated by the Medical Research Council, 23,50,79,86 as well as its variation, 83 96,99 Electronic search (n=495) Pubmed 12 MMT Daniels and Worthinghan Gomes-Osman; Field-Fote (2015) 13 Manual dynamometer Average of three repetitions 42 Isokinetic dynamometer three maximum voluntary contractions, with 3 to 6s of duration, and 1 minute of rest between them Sledziewski; Schaaf; Mount (2012) 43 MMT UEMS Alcobendas-Maestro et al (2012) 44 MMT LEMS 101 MMT Brunnstron e Dennen which grades strength on a scale of 0 to 5. It does not define the resistance that must be applied by the examiner at the time of the test, nor does it consider the range of motion developed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Muscle Strength in Medullar Injury: A Literature Review

et al. 2017

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Objective: To identify the tools used to evaluate muscle strength in subjects with spinal cord injury in both clinical practice and scientific research. Methods: Initially, the literature review was carried out to identify the tools used in scientific research. The search was conducted in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Pedro, and PubMed. Studies published between 1990 and 2016 were considered and selected, depicting an evaluation of muscle strength as an endpoint or for characterization of the sample. Next, a survey was carried out with physiotherapists to identify the instruments used for evaluation in clinical practice, and the degree of satisfaction of professionals with respect to them. Results: 495 studies were found; 93 were included for qualitative evaluation. In the studies, we verified the use of manual muscle test with different graduation systems, isokinetic dynamometer, hand-held dynamometer, and manual dynamometer. In clinical practice, the manual muscle test using the motor score recommended by the American Spinal Cord Injury Association was the most used method, despite the limitations highlighted by the physiotherapists interviewed. Conclusion: In scientific research, there is great variation in the methods and tools used to evaluate muscle strength in individuals with spinal cord injury, differently from clinical practice. The tools available and currently used have important limitations, which were highlighted by the professionals interviewed. No instrument depicts direct relationship of muscle strength and functionality of the subject. There is no consensus as to the best method for assessing muscle strength in spinal cord injury, and new instruments are needed that are specific for use in this population.

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“…Table 2 and Figure 1 show the reporting of each CONSORT item. The median (IQR) number of CONSORT items per trial that was 'fully reported' was 11/37 (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The median (IQR) number of CONSORT items per trial that was either 'fully reported' or 'not relevant' or 'not reported but unable to determine if relevant/done' was 20/37 items (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How well do randomised controlled trials of physical interventions for people with spinal cord injury adhere to the CONSORT guidelines? An analysis of trials published over a 10-year period

et al. 2014

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Lokomat Robotic-Assisted Versus Overground Training Within 3 to 6 Months of Incomplete Spinal Cord Lesion

Abstract: Robotic-assisted training was equivalent to conventional walk training in patients with a variety of nonprogressive spinal cord pathologies for walking speed, but the need for orthotics and assistive devices was reduced, perhaps because of greater leg strength in the robotic group.

Cited by 146 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of robotic gait training on cardiorespiratory system in incomplete spinal cord injury

Effect of robotic gait training on cardiorespiratory system in incomplete spinal cord injury

Evaluation of Muscle Strength in Medullar Injury: A Literature Review

How well do randomised controlled trials of physical interventions for people with spinal cord injury adhere to the CONSORT guidelines? An analysis of trials published over a 10-year period

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