Loneliness within the general population of Slovenia

Lavrič, Meta; Gomboc, Vanja; Krohne, Nina; Podlogar, Tina; Poštuvan, Vita; Šedivy, Nuša Zadravec; Leo, Diego De

doi:10.1177/0020764020943230

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…B = −1.36, SE = 0.13, β = −0.11, t = −10.61*, Part r = −0.10. Lavric et al (2020) General: 2.68**(SD = 1.77). Emotional: 0.80**(SD = 1.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Response categories: employed; not employed. C Univariate analysis, multiple regression – ordinary least squares, binary logistic and ordered logistic regression (descriptive statistics – percentage, ordered logistic regression) b Lavric et al (2020) Examine levels of social, emotional and general loneliness in the general population 1189 Range: 18-95 Mean: 46.74 SD: 16.18 49.7% male Slovenia Mental Health Literacy Project, 2018–2020 Cross-sectional De Jong Gierveld short scales D Survey data. Response categories: student; employed; unemployed; retired; retired due to disability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review

Morrish

Medina-Lara

2021

Social Science & Medicine

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There is evidence that loneliness and unemployment each have a negative impact on public health. Both are experienced across the life course and are of increasing concern in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review seeks to examine the strength and direction of the relationship between loneliness and unemployment in working age individuals, and in particular the potential for a self-reinforcing cycle with combined healthcare outcomes. A systematic search was undertaken in Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and EconLit from inception to December 2020. PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed throughout this review, study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and results were summarised in a narrative synthesis. English language studies evaluating the relationship between loneliness and unemployment in higher income western countries were included. Thirty-seven studies were identified; 30 cross-sectional and 7 longitudinal. Loneliness was measured by a direct question or loneliness scale while unemployment was self-reported or retrieved from a national register. A positive association between unemployment and increased loneliness was observed across all studies. Thus, across the life-course a clear yet complex relationship exists between unemployment and greater experience of loneliness. The magnitude of this relationship increases with the severity of loneliness and appears to peak at age 30–34 and 50–59. Logistic regression provided the greatest consistency at statistical significance revealing at least a 40% increase in the likelihood of reporting loneliness when unemployed. Recent longitudinal studies identified in this review found higher levels of loneliness following job loss, but also that loneliness was predictive of unemployment suggesting potential bi-directionality in the relationship. This bi-directionality may create a multiplier effect between loneliness and unemployment to form a self-reinforcing relationship and greater health concerns for those most at risk. Thus, review findings suggest the need for cross-sector awareness and intervention to tackle both loneliness and unemployment.

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“…B = −1.36, SE = 0.13, β = −0.11, t = −10.61*, Part r = −0.10. Lavric et al (2020) General: 2.68**(SD = 1.77). Emotional: 0.80**(SD = 1.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review

Morrish

Medina-Lara

2021

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Consistent with previous study, we found that being single, divorced, or widowed; living alone; and having cardiocerebrovascular diseases were associated with loneliness ( 5 , 28 , 31 ). However, previous findings on the association between age and loneliness have been inconsistent across studies ( 3 , 32 , 33 ). Consistent with two previous studies ( 3 , 32 ), we found that age was negatively correlated with loneliness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Association Between Early Parental Death and Loneliness in Adulthood: A Community-Based Study in Southwest China

Peng

Lai

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Loneliness is a growing public health problem that threatens physical and mental health to a large extent. Compelling evidence has shown that premature parental death is strongly associated with many mental health disorders in adulthood, but whether it increases the risk of loneliness remains unclear. In this large community-based study, we included 32,682 adult participants (20–93 years old) from Southwest China and used the three-item short version of University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale to identify participants with loneliness. A total of 1,975 participants reported loneliness, which resulted in a loneliness prevalence of 6.0% in Southwest China. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between early parental death and loneliness after adjusting for age, gender, education level, marital status, smoking and drinking status, living status, and chronic diseases. We found that early parental death was significantly associated with loneliness [odds ratio (OR) = 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.42]. A Sensitivity analysis excluding those with mental health disorders (796 participants) yielded similar results (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.06–1.49). We also found that being younger, single, divorced, or widowed, and more educated; living alone; and having chronic disorders were associated with loneliness. We conclude that childhood parental death is associated with loneliness in adulthood, suggesting the need for early intervention in affected children to prevent long-term adverse neuropsychiatric effects.

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“…In Slovenia, loneliness appears to be related to poor interpersonal relationships, which is also suggested by the fact that the lowest level of loneliness there seems to be among the married population (Lavrič et al. 2021 ). Yet we disregard an aggregation of this explanation, since the country has comparatively low marriage rates (Eurostat 2021 e).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Social Infrastructure and the Alleviation of Loneliness in Europe

Swader

Moraru²

2023

Köln Z Soziol

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In Europe, individualist societies, in which people more highly value independence, have fewer people who are lonely. Yet these societies also have more people who live alone, a strong determinant of loneliness. Evidence suggests that some unrecognized societal-level resources or characteristics can explain this.We uncover multiple pathways toward a lower degree of loneliness among European societies using an ideal method for this purpose, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Using data from the 2014 wave of the European Social Survey and other sources, we analyzed loneliness outcomes among 26 European societies. Our findings suggest two necessary conditions for a low degree of loneliness: high internet access and high association participation. Further, three pathways are sufficient for achieving less loneliness at the societal level. Most societies that have less loneliness follow both the welfare support and cultural support pathways. The third path, commercial provision, is mutually exclusive with welfare support because the former requires a weak welfare state.The surest policy for building societies that have lower rates of loneliness includes the expansion of internet accessibility, the fostering of civil society through association participation and volunteering, and a welfare state that protects potentially vulnerable populations while funding opportunities for social interaction. This article further contributes methodologically by demonstrating “configurational robustness testing,” a more comprehensive means to implement current best practices for fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis robustness testing.

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Loneliness within the general population of Slovenia

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review

Does unemployment lead to greater levels of loneliness? A systematic review

Association Between Early Parental Death and Loneliness in Adulthood: A Community-Based Study in Southwest China

Social Infrastructure and the Alleviation of Loneliness in Europe

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