Long-chain fatty acid-induced intracellular signaling in GPR120-expressing brush cells at the limiting ridge of the murine stomach

Widmayer, Patricia; Hischer, Lisa; Hennemann, Katja; Kusumakshi, Soumya; Boehm, Ulrich; Breer, Heinz

doi:10.1007/s00441-018-2972-1

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The presence of the bitter receptor Tas2r126 in a subset of brush cells, which are arranged in a continuous band beneath the limiting ridge as demonstrated in this study and by Liu et al (2017), is particularly interesting in view of previous findings demonstrating that brush cells at the gastric ridge comprise receptor types for short chain fatty acids (Eberle et al, 2014) as well as for long chain fatty acids (Widmayer et al, 2015(Widmayer et al, , 2019). An obvious question in this context is whether the bitter receptor-expressing brush cells also contain short and/or long chain fatty acid receptors or whether they constitute separate populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Brush cells with a broad receptor expression profile may operate as multisensory cells capable to respond to a variety of chemical constituents in the luminal content, whereas distinct sets of bush cells with different chemosensory properties could point to region-specific functions. Moreover, it is unclear whether all brush cells at the gastric ridge have the enzymatic capacity to produce the candidate messenger compounds, such as nitric oxide, prostaglandins and acetylcholine (Kugler et al, 1994;Eberle et al, 2013;Widmayer et al, 2019) which could operate as paracrine mediators between brush cells and adjacent effector cells. The high proportion of brush cells with Tas2r126 immunoreactivity in the large invaginations at the proximal edge of the corpus is a striking observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous studies, brush cells at the gastric groove, a tissue fold at the boundary between fundus and corpus, are considered to be putative taste-like chemosensory cells (Höfer et al, 1996;Eberle et al, 2013). These cells are arranged in a palisade-like manner and express elements of the canonical taste signaling cascade, including gustducin (Höfer et al, 1996;Hass et al, 2007), PLCβ2 (Eberle et al, 2013) and TRPM5 (Kaske et al, 2007) as well as receptors for nutrients (Hass et al, 2010;Janssen et al, 2012;Eberle et al, 2014;Widmayer et al, 2015Widmayer et al, , 2019. Situated at a strategic position between the storage compartment fundus and the digestive compartment corpus, brush cells supposedly act as sensor cells monitoring the constituents of the luminal content and consequently influencing the regulation of gastric processes, such gastric motility, secretion and hormone release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct Cell Types With the Bitter Receptor Tas2r126 in Different Compartments of the Stomach

et al. 2020

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Cells expressing bitter taste receptors (T2Rs or Tas2rs) in extraoral tissues are considered to be chemosensory cells mediating protective responses to potentially harmful or even antiinflammatory or antimicrobial compounds. In a previous study the activity of the Tas2R143/Tas2R135/Tas2r126 cluster promoter in the stomach was monitored using a Cre-reporter mouse line. Reporter gene expression and Tas2r126 mRNA were found in brush cells located at the distal wall of the gastric groove. In this study, we explored whether brush cells and epithelial cells of the stomach in fact contain the Tas2r126 receptor protein. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrate the presence of Tas2r126 immunoreactivity in different cell populations in the glandular stomach, in a subset of brush cells at the gastric groove and in unique glandular units as well as in certain enteroendocrine cells. In brush cells at the gastric groove, a strong immunofluorescence signal for the Tas2r126 receptor was observed at the most apical region of the cells, i.e., the microvillar tuft. In addition, we found a high density of Tas2r126-positive brush cells in the unique glandular units. These invaginations are located distally to the groove, open directly into the furrow and are enwrapped by smoothelin-immunoreactive muscles. In the corpus, Tas2r126 immunoreactivity was found in histamine-producing ECL cells and in ghrelin-producing X/A-like cells, the main enteroendcrine cells of this compartment. In the antrum, Tas2r126 labeling was observed in serotonin-storing EC cells and ghrelin cells, both representing only minor populations of enteroendocrine cells in this compartment. In conclusion, our data provide evidence for the presence of the Tas2r126 receptor protein in distinct cell types in the epithelium lining the mouse stomach which render the stomach responsive to agonists for bitter receptors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct Cell Types With the Bitter Receptor Tas2r126 in Different Compartments of the Stomach

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Evidence for functional G-coupled protein receptors 43 and 120 in subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue of Angus crossbred steers

Westbrook

Johnson

Gang

et al. 2021

Journal of Animal Science

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We conducted three independent experiments to demonstrate functional G-coupled protein receptor 43 (GPR43) and GPR120 in bovine intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissues. We hypothesized that media volatile fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids would affect cAMP-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) protein expression and cAMP concentrations differently in i.m. and s.c. adipose tissue. Experiment 1: Oleic acid (18:1n-9) decreased phosphorylated AMPKα protein (p-AMPKα) and the p-AMPKα/AMPKα protein ratio in i.m. preadipocytes, increased the p-AMPKα/AMPKα protein ratio in bovine satellite cells, and had no effect in s.c. preadipocytes. Experment 2: Ex vivo explants from the 5 th-8 th longissimus thoracic rib muscle section of Angus crossbred steers were cultured 48 h in media containing 0.25 µM ciglitizone, 5 mM glucose, and 5 mM acetate, in the absence or presence of 100 µM oleic acid. Oleic acid increased acetate incorporation into fatty acids and GPR43 gene expression in i.m. adipose tissue (P < 0.05), but oleic acid had no effect on fatty acid synthesis or GPR43 expression in s.c. adipose tissue. Experiment 3: Fresh s.c. and i.m. adipose tissue from the 5 th-8 th longissimus thoracic rib muscle section of Angus crossbred steers was transferred immediately to 6-well culture plates containing 3 mL of KHB/Hepes/5 mM glucose. Samples were pre-incubated with 0.5 mM theophylline plus 10 μM forskolin for 30 min, after which increasing concentrations of acetate or propionate (0, 10 -3, 10 -2.3, and 10 -3 M) in the absence or presence of 100 μM oleic acid or 100 µM palmitic acid (16:0) were added to the incubation media. Acetate had no effect on forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in s.c. adipose tissue but decreased cAMP in i.m. adipose tissue (P < 0.05); this indicates a functional GPR43 receptor in i.m. adipose tissue. The combination of 10 -2 M acetate and oleic acid decrease cAMP production in s.c. adipose tissue, consistent with GPR120 receptor activity, but oleic acid and palmitic acid attenuated the depression of cAMP production caused by acetate in i.m. adipose tissue. Palmitic acid depressed cAMP production in s.c. adipose tissue, and increased cAMP production in i.m. adipose tissue (P < 0.05). Propionate had no effect on cAMP production in s.c. or i.m. adipose tissue. These results provide evidence for functional GPR43 receptors in i.m. adipose tissue and GPR120 receptors in s.c. adipose tissue, both of which would suppress lipolysis.

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Long-chain fatty acid-induced intracellular signaling in GPR120-expressing brush cells at the limiting ridge of the murine stomach

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Distinct Cell Types With the Bitter Receptor Tas2r126 in Different Compartments of the Stomach

Distinct Cell Types With the Bitter Receptor Tas2r126 in Different Compartments of the Stomach

Evidence for functional G-coupled protein receptors 43 and 120 in subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue of Angus crossbred steers

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