Long COVID Optimal Health Program (LC-OHP) to Enhance Psychological and Physical Health: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Al‐Jabr, Hiyam; Windle, Karen; Thompson, David R.; Jenkins, Zoe; Castle, David; Ski, Chantal F.

doi:10.2196/36673

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“… 40 , 44 , 45 However, as LC does not fit into a specific diagnostic category, the Long COVID–Optimal Health Programme (LC–OHP) was adapted from the existing OHP and tested within a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT). 46 , 47 This study aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the LC–OHP to people with LC, and their perceptions and experiences with using it. The objectives were as follows: to identify views on the LC–OHP; to explore the potential for the programme to support mental and physical wellbeing; and to gain suggestions for improving the programme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient experiences of the Long COVID–Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

Al-Jabr,

Windle,

Clifton

et al. 2023

BJGP Open

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BackgroundLong COVID (LC) symptoms persist 12 weeks or more beyond the acute infection. To date, no standardised diagnostic/treatment pathways exist. However, a holistic approach has been recommended. This study explores participants’ experiences of a Long COVID Optimal Health Programme (LC-OHP); a psychoeducational self-efficacy programme.AimTo explore perceptions and experiences of people with LC regarding the LC-OHP and identify suggestions to further improve the programme.Design & settingQualitative study with patients with LC recruited through community settings.MethodThis study is part of a wider randomised controlled trial. Eligible participants were 18 years old and above, who have LC, and attended a minimum of five LC-OHP sessions plus a booster session. We interviewed those randomised to the intervention group. Interviews were conducted by an independent researcher and thematically analysed to identify common, emerging themes. This study received ethical approval from the University and HRA ethics committees.ResultsEleven participants were interviewed, mostly women of White British ethnicity (n=10). Four main themes were identified reflecting programme benefits and suggestions for improvement. The programme demonstrated potential for assisting patients in managing their LC, including physical health and mental wellbeing. Participants found the programme to be flexible and provided suggestions to adapting it for future users.ConclusionFindings support the acceptability of the LC-OHP to people living with LC. The programme has shown several benefits in supporting physical health and mental wellbeing. Suggestions made to further adapt the programme and improve its delivery will be considered for future trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient experiences of the Long COVID–Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

Al-Jabr,

Windle,

Clifton

et al. 2023

BJGP Open

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“…The study protocol and outcomes from the randomised controlled trial (RCT) are reported separately. 34,38,39…”

Section: Governance and Ethical Approvalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study is part of a wider randomised clinical trial that assessed the feasibility of the Long COVID Optimal Health Programme (LC‐OHP), a psychosocial educational support programme for mental and physical wellbeing customised for people with LC 34,35 . Participants in this study were those randomised to the intervention group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32,33 This study is part of a wider randomised clinical trial that assessed the feasibility of the Long COVID Optimal Health Programme (LC-OHP), a psychosocial educational support programme for mental and physical wellbeing customised for people with LC. 34,35 Participants in this study were those randomised to the intervention group. The LC-OHP was adapted from the OHP originally designed to support and benefit the physical and mental wellbeing of patients with long-term medical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethical approval for the study was granted by the university and Health Research Authority ethical committees and was overseen by a data management committee that included public members. The study protocol and outcomes from the randomised controlled trial (RCT) are reported separately 34,38,39 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences of people with long COVID: Symptoms, support strategies and the Long COVID Optimal Health Programme (LC‐OHP)

Al‐Jabr,

Thompson,

Castle

et al. 2023

Health Expectations

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IntroductionLong COVID (LC) is a multisystem illness, with fluctuating symptoms that affect the daily activities of patients. There are still no standardised diagnostic criteria or treatment approaches for managing LC. The LC‐Optimal Health Programme (LC‐OHP) was designed to support the mental wellbeing and physical health of people with LC. Gaining an in‐depth understanding of patients' experiences and support strategies is imperative to identifying appropriate supports to guide them through their recovery. This study aimed to elicit the experiences and perceptions of adults with LC regarding symptoms, support strategies and the LC‐OHP.MethodsAs part of a wider randomised controlled trial of the LC‐OHP, participants in the intervention group had their sessions audio‐recorded. Transcripts were thematically analysed to identify common emergent themes.FindingsThe LC‐OHP was delivered to 26 participants. Data were collected between January 2022 and February 2023. Four main themes emerged: ‘Symptoms and impact of LC’; ‘Other sources of support and perceived challenges’; ‘Strategies to support LC’ and ‘Perceptions of the LC‐OHP’.ConclusionLC experiences were mostly described as fluctuating and burdensome that significantly impacted daily activities, and physical and mental health. The LC‐OHP was perceived as beneficial. Access and experiences of other sources of support were varied. Increasing LC awareness amongst health practitioners and the wider community has the potential to improve the experiences of those affected by LC.Patient or Public ContributionThe LC‐OHP was derived from the OHP. It was adapted to people with LC following consultation with practitioners at an LC clinic. Additionally, the mode and timing of delivering the programme to this population were taken into account for its delivery at the convenience of participating patients. While considering that fatigue and brain fog are amongst the most reported complaints of people with LC, public members with LC were not involved directly in this study; however, feedback obtained from practitioners working with this population was implemented in amending the programme and its delivery. Additionally, feedback from patients with other chronic health conditions who used the OHP in previous studies has been implemented to make the programme more user‐friendly. Moreover, feedback obtained from participants receiving this programme in this study was implanted immediately and shared with other participants. Finally, this study was overviewed by a data management committee that included two public members with LC, who contributed and provided guidance to support this study.

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Effectiveness of an online multimodal rehabilitation program in long COVID patients: a randomized clinical trial

León-Herrera,

Oliván-Blázquez,

Sánchez-Recio

et al. 2024

Arch Public Health

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Background Digital interventions are expected to facilitate the treatment of patients suffering from Long COVID. This trial assesses the effectiveness of a multimodal rehabilitation program —comprising both online and synchronous components— in managing the characteristic symptoms of Long COVID and, consequently, in improving quality of life. It also aims to identify which changes in measured variables from baseline (T0) to post-intervention (T1) predict an improvement in quality of life. Methods A blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with two parallel groups: (1) the control group, which received usual treatment from the primary care physician and (2) the intervention group, which received usual treatment in addition to an online multimodal rehabilitation program. The data were collected at two time points: prior to the start of the intervention and three months after it. The main outcome variable was quality of life, encompassing both mental health and physical health-related quality of life. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected as secondary variables. Results A total of 134 participants (age 48.97 ± 7.64; 84.33% female) were included and randomized into the control group (67 participants) and the intervention group (67 participants). Comparative analyses conducted before and after the intervention showed a significant improvement in the mental health-related quality of life of the participants who received the intervention, with a mean increase of 1.98 points ( p < 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed that both received the intervention (b = 3.193; p < 0.05) and an increased self-efficacy (b = 0.298; p < 0.05) were predictors of greater improvement in mental health-related quality of life. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-024-01354-w.

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Long COVID Optimal Health Program (LC-OHP) to Enhance Psychological and Physical Health: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Patient experiences of the Long COVID–Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

Patient experiences of the Long COVID–Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

Experiences of people with long COVID: Symptoms, support strategies and the Long COVID Optimal Health Programme (LC‐OHP)

Effectiveness of an online multimodal rehabilitation program in long COVID patients: a randomized clinical trial

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