Long-distance aerial dispersal modelling of Culicoides biting midges: case studies of incursions into Australia

Eagles, Debbie; Melville, Lorna; Weir, Richard; Davis, S. Scott; Bellis, Glenn; Zalucki, Myron P.; Walker, Peter; Durr, Peter A.

doi:10.1186/1746-6148-10-135

Cited by 46 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Eight of 10 genome segments of BTV_2_AUS_2008 are most closely related to the cognate segments of viruses from Taiwan and Asia and not other Australian BTVs, supporting the conclusion that the virus entered Australia recently (14). Since live ruminants are not imported, BTV vaccines are not permitted, and Australia is separated from Asia by water, the movement of BTVs into Australia is believed to be by way of wind-borne dispersal of infected Culicoides (15)(16)(17).…”

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confidence: 79%

Evolution of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 in Northern Australia over 30 Years

Boyle

Amos-Ritchie

Broz

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV 1) was first isolated in Australia from cattle blood collected in 1979 at Beatrice Hill Farm (BHF), Northern Territory (NT). From long-term surveillance programs (1977 to 2011), 2,487 isolations of 10 BTV serotypes were made. The most frequently isolated serotype was BTV 1 (41%, 1,019) followed by BTV 16 (17.5%, 436) and BTV 20 (14%, 348). In 3 years, no BTVs were isolated, and in 12 years, no BTV 1 was isolated. Seventeen BTV 1 isolates were sequenced and analyzed in comparison with 10 Australian prototype serotypes. BTV 1 showed an episodic pattern of evolutionary change characterized by four distinct periods. Each period consisted primarily of slow genetic drift which was punctuated from time to time by genetic shifts generated by segment reassortment and the introduction of new genome segments. Evidence was found for coevolution of BTV genome segments. Evolutionary dynamics and selection pressure estimates showed strong temporal and clocklike molecular evolutionary dynamics of six Australian BTV genome segments. Bayesian coalescent estimates of mean substitution rates clustered in the range of 3.5 ؋ 10 ؊4 to 5.3 ؋ 10 ؊4 substitutions per site per year. All BTV genome segments evolved under strong purifying (negative) selection, with only three sites identified as under pervasive diversifying (positive) selection. The obligate replication in alternate hosts (insect vector and vertebrate hosts) imposed strong evolutionary constraints. The dominant mechanism generating genetic diversity of BTV 1 at BHF was through the introduction of new viruses and reassortment of genome segments with existing viruses. IMPORTANCE Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of bluetongue disease in ruminants.It is a disease of concern globally and is transmitted by biting midges (Culicoides species). Analysis of the evolutionary and selection pressures on BTV 1 at a single surveillance site in northern Australia showed strong temporal and clock-like dynamics. Obligate replication in alternate hosts of insect and vertebrate imposed strong evolutionary constraints, with all BTV genome segments evolving under strong purifying (negative) selection. Generation of genetic diversity of BTV 1 in northern Australia is through genome segment reassortment and the introduction of new serotypes.

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confidence: 79%

Evolution of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 in Northern Australia over 30 Years

Boyle

Amos-Ritchie

Broz

et al. 2014

J Virol

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“…Orthotrichia veikaba was recorded previously from 6 specimens collected at Veikabu, in the Central Province of Papua New Guinea. Both Torres Strait islands from which it is recorded here are situated very close to New Guinea and, given the dearth of permanent fresh water on these islands (Burrows & Perna 2009;Burrows 2010), and the fact that it has not been picked up on mainland Australia, it seems reasonable to consider this species to be a native New Guinea species, probably vagrant on the islands. Remarks.…”

Section: Microcaddisflies Of Australia's Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several artificial waterbodies near the island village contain permanent water year round, though of brackish quality.' Earlier, Burrows and Perna (2009) reported that on Saibai '[f]reshwater habitats … appeared limited to just the two small artificial water reservoirs located side by side'; otherwise, other than mangroves, they noted only '… brackish water wetlands.' Of Badu Island, Waltham et al (2014) reported '… more obvious freshwater habitats,' and illustrated their report with a photograph of a substantial water hole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiological studies on viral outbreaks in northern Australia use backtrack simulations of wind trajectories across New Guinea and northern Australia to invoke disease vectoring resulting from windborne incursions of small flying insects such as mosquitoes (Culex species) and biting midges (Culicoides species) from New Guinea (Eagles et al 2014;Finlay et al 2014). Furthermore, the cyclonic winds tracking across northern Australia could be responsible for movement of small insects between the east and west.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New and newly recorded micro-caddisfly species (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Australia’s north, including islands of Torres Strait

Wells

Dostine²

2016

Zootaxa

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From the north of Australia’s Northern Territory, far northeastern Queensland and Torres Strait Islands, six new species of microcaddisfly are described: Hydroptila roperi sp. nov., Hellyethira khukri sp. nov., Oxyethira (Trichoglene) bamaga sp. nov., Oxyethira (Dampfitrichia) torresiana sp. nov., Orthotrichia pethericki sp. nov., and Orthotrichia becca sp. nov. Oxyethira torresiana is recorded from the northwest of York Peninsula and Badu Island in the Torres Strait as well as from Papua New Guinea. Northern Australian records are given for Orthotrichia veikaba Wells and Orthotrichia ensiformis Wells, previously known only from Papua New Guinea. Northern Australian distributions are extended eastwards for Tricholeiochiton jabirella Wells and westwards for Oxyethira (Trichoglene) triangulata Wells, until now recorded only from the Northern Territory and northeastern Australia, respectively. Brief notes are given on collecting methods and sites.

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“…Wind-spread models have been developed to model such dispersions and may be used to identify areas at risk of arboviral incursion due to windborne insects (65,66,67). Some models have been validated using field data and have proved useful in explaining the origins of incursions (67,68), demonstrating their potential value in informing surveillance programmes.…”

Section: Participatory Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological surveillance methods for vector-borne diseases

Thompson¹,

Etter²

2015

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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SummaryCompared with many other diseases, the ever-increasing threat of vectorborne diseases (VBDs) represents a great challenge to public and animal health managers. Complex life cycles, changing distribution ranges, a variety of potential vectors and hosts, and the possible role of reservoirs make surveillance for VBDs a grave concern in a changing environment with increasing economic constraints. Surveillance activities may have various specific objectives and may focus on clinical disease, pathogens, vectors, hosts and/or reservoirs, but ultimately such activities should improve our ability to predict, prevent and/or control the diseases concerned. This paper briefly reviews existing and newly developed tools for the surveillance of VBDs. A range of examples, by no means exhaustive, illustrates that VBD surveillance usually involves a combination of methods to achieve its aims, and is best accomplished when these techniques are adapted to the specific environment and constraints of the region. More so than any other diseases, VBDs respect no administrative boundaries; in addition, animal, human and commodity movements are increasing dramatically, with illegal or unknown movements difficult to quantify. Vector-borne disease surveillance therefore becomes a serious issue for local and national organisations and is being conducted more and more at the regional and international level through multidisciplinary networks. With economic and logistical constraints, tools for optimising and evaluating the performance of surveillance systems are essential and examples of recent developments in this area are included. The continuous development of mapping, analytical and modelling tools provides us with an enhanced ability to interpret, visualise and communicate surveillance results. This review also demonstrates the importance of the link between surveillance and research, with interactions and benefits in both directions.

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Long-distance aerial dispersal modelling of Culicoides biting midges: case studies of incursions into Australia

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 in Northern Australia over 30 Years

Evolution of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 in Northern Australia over 30 Years

New and newly recorded micro-caddisfly species (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Australia’s north, including islands of Torres Strait

Epidemiological surveillance methods for vector-borne diseases

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