Long-distance sensing fiber sensor system using broadband source and Raman amplifier

Guo, B. Y.; Tang, W. C.; Manie, Yibeltal Chanie; Bitew, Mekuanint Agegnehu; Lu, Haifei; Peng, Peng‐Chun

doi:10.1109/icce-china.2017.7991171

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the FBG sensor system, the maximum signal transmission distance is commonly limited to 25 km due to signal loss in fiber link and Rayleigh scattering. Signal loss and Rayleigh scattering induces optical noise and degrade the transmitted signal quality [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Therefore, we use a Raman amplifier to increase the transmission distance (long-distance sensing) and to compensate for the signal losses in long-distance transmission.…”

Section: Experimental and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In FBG sensor systems, the maximum signal transmission distance is commonly limited to 25 km due to signal loss in fiber link and Rayleigh scattering [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, signal loss and Rayleigh scattering induce optical noise and degrade the transmitted signal quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By adding a Raman amplifier to a fiber span, signal power loss is decreased and it highly improves the signal-spontaneous beat noise performance. In order to realize a long-distance FBG sensor system, several approaches are proposed [13][14][15][16][17]. In [13], Raman laser for longdistance sensing has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine

et al. 2018

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A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is a favorable sensor in measuring strain, pressure, vibration, and temperature in different applications, such as in smart structures, wind turbines, aerospace, industry, military, medical centers, and civil engineering. FBG sensors have the following advantages: immune to electromagnetic interference, light weight, small size, flexible, stretchable, highly accurate, longer stability, and capable in measuring ultra-high-speed events. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an intensity and wavelength division multiplexing (IWDM) FBG sensor system using a Raman amplifier and extreme learning machine (ELM). We use an IWDM technique to increase the number of FBG sensors. As the number of FBG sensors increases and the spectra of two or more FBGs are overlapped, a conventional peak detection (CPD) method is unappropriate to detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor. To solve this problem, we use ELM techniques. An ELM is used to accurately detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor even when the spectra of FBGs are partially or fully overlapped. Moreover, a Raman amplifier is added to a fiber span to generate a gain medium within the transmission fiber, which amplifies the signal and compensates for the signal losses. The transmission distance and the sensing signal quality increase when the Raman pump power increases. The experimental results revealed that a Raman amplifier compensates for the signal losses and provides a stable sensing output even beyond a 45 km transmission distance. We achieve a remote sensing of strain measurement using a 45 km single-mode fiber (SMF). Furthermore, the well-trained ELM wavelength detection methods accurately detect the central Bragg wavelengths of FBG sensors when the two FBG spectra are fully overlapped.

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