Long-Haul Truck Driver Training Does Not Meet Driver Needs in Canada

Abstract

Introduction Training standards for long-haul truck drivers (LHTD) are rapidly evolving in Canada, yet the opinions of the drivers themselves have not been adequately considered. The purpose was to survey LHTD on their work training history and to examine LHTD perceptions of driver training and licensing protocols. Methods LHTD were recruited across two Western Canadian provinces from seven different truck stops. The sample completed 207 surveys and 67 semi-structured interviews. Results The average age of the participants was 52.5 ± 11.5 years (range 24–79); 96% were men. Approximately 33% of the LHTD had at least one crash. Those who did not receive formal driver training were significantly more likely to crash than those who had received training. Participants stated that current training standards are inadequate for the industry, particularly for new drivers. According to participants, entry-level curriculums should consist of both classroom and practical training, as well as on-road observation with a senior mentor. LHTD reported that many new drivers are not equipped to drive in various contexts and settings (e.g., mountains, slippery roads). Conclusions LHTD are not confident in the current training guidelines for novice truck drivers. Revisions to the training curriculum and standardization across Canada should be considered. Practical Application A federal mandatory entry-level training program is needed in Canada to ensure that all new LHTD ascertain the necessary skills to drive safely. Such a program requires government involvement and input from LHTD to facilitate appropriate licensure and consistent training for all drivers.

Improving Truck Driver and Vulnerable Road User Interactions Through Driver Training: An Interview Study With Canadian Subject Matter Experts

“…The study participants highlighted the need for longer and more practical training to bridge the gap between training and real-world truck driving. This finding is consistent with the literature; the short length of Canadian truck driver training was also criticized in a study where truck drivers also highlighted their need for being mentored by an experienced driver as part of their training ( 8 ). Our participants agreed that current training programs are in need of more components related to VRU safety.…”

“…Truck drivers’ opinions and suggestions about training needs can provide important insights but are only occasionally considered. For instance, a Canadian truck driver survey study on training highlighted several gaps and inadequacies in relevant standards ( 8 ). The main component in training, that is, exclusively classroom training, was not favored by trainees whereas longer practical, on-road, and simulator-based training were recommended.…”

Road safety and heavy goods vehicle driving in LMICs: Qualitative evidence from Nepal

“…Besides, the effectiveness of minimum education levels reducing risky driving is unclear ( Dash et al, 2021 ; Mahajan et al, 2019 ). Formal driver training has been shown to have a beneficial impact on road safety ( Malkin et al, 2021 ). Most truck drivers in our study received their training informally, as an apprentice, gaining basic driving skills by observing the driver.…”

“…The strenuous nature of the job makes the driving of HGVs (hereafter referred to as trucks) one of the most fatality-prone occupations ( McCall and Horwitz, 2005 ). With human factors relating to driver errors considered to have the greatest influence on the occurrence of crashes ( Özkan et al, 2006 ; Sayed et al, 1995 ), the emphasis has been on driver training and education ( Malkin et al, 2021 ). Multiple factors and conditions, including truck drivers’ health and wellness, also influence their safety at work ( Crizzle et al, 2017 ; Morrow and Crum, 2004 ).…”

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“…Some participants underwent refresher training or first-aid knowledge courses for other needs and as a condition for driving license renewal. 15 Fear of making mistakes when providing assistance is a notable factor in the negative relationship between knowledge and first-aid practice. 16 Motivation is not significantly related to the practice of first aid.…”