Long-lasting disturbances in the mid-latitude sub-ionospheric VLF radio signals due to the super geomagnetic storm of 17 March 2015

Mondal, S. K.; Pal, Sujay; Sen, Arnab; Rahaman, Mahbub; Midya, S. K.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2021.04.044

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In general, 7 out of 12 intense geomagnetic storms studied using NWC, NPM, and NLK transmitters revealed daytime and nighttime wave‐like events at frequencies 0.05–0.18 mHz with the corresponding wave time period of more than 55 min (Table 3). Recently, researchers (Aa et al., 2019; Cherniak & Zakharenkova, 2018; Mondal et al., 2021) have reported that medium scale AGWs (TIDs) range from 15 to 80 min and large scale AGWs (TIDs) range from 30 to 180 min, and they can propagate to middle and low‐latitudes and even into the opposite hemispheres during an intense magnetic storm. Therefore, the wavelet spectra observed during the daytime and nighttime of the VLF signal amplitude and phase with a period of more than 55 min in the three propagation paths are considered related to the signatures of AGWs/TIDs in the D‐region due to intense storms of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found a decrease in the D-region electron density (N e ) during the main phase and a slow increase during the recovery phase of the March storm while a decrease in N e was seen during 25 and 26 June 2015. Analysis of the amplitude for both storms by Maurya et al (2018) using Morlet wavelet technique showed intense wave-like signatures suggesting the generation of the atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) due to Joule heating at high-latitude and traveling to low-latitude in the D-region (Aa et al, 2019;Cherniak & Zakharenkova, 2018;Mondal et al, 2021). The wave-like fluctuations of the ionospheric plasma indicate the presence of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) excited by AGWs in the neutral atmosphere via the neutral-plasma interaction (Miyoshi et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Geomagnetic Storm Associated D‐Region Anomalies Estimated From VLF Observations at a Low‐Latitude Station, Suva, Fiji

Kumar,

Singh

2023

JGR Space Physics

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A comprehensive analysis of subionospheric Very Low Frequency (VLF) signals from transmitters with call‐signs NWC, NPM, and NLK monitored at a low‐latitude station, Suva, Fiji, has been carried out to determine the D‐region effects of the intense geomagnetic storms for a period of 7 years (2011–2016 and 2018). The periods of 2011–2016 and 2018 fall under the 24th solar cycle with yearly mean sunspot numbers 80.8–39.8 and 7.0, respectively. Seven out of 12 geomagnetic storms revealed VLF anomalies during the storm main phase day and storm recovery phase days. A pronounced decrease in the VLF amplitude and phase for the storms having main phase onset in the nighttime was found. Out of seven geomagnetic storms, a storm of St Patrick's Day of 17–18 March 2013 is presented as a case study and the same analysis was done for all the storms. The anomalies in the VLF amplitude and phase have been modeled using Long‐Wave Propagation Capability code V2.1 to obtain the changes in Wait parameters (reference height, H′ and sharpness factor, ꞵ) and changes in the D‐region electron density. In most cases of storms, an increase in the H′ and a decrease in the ꞵ during the storm main and recovery phases were obtained which for the 17–18 March 2013 storm increased by 7.4–7.6 km and decreased from 0.03 to 0.07 km−1, respectively. Wavelet analysis of signal anomalies showed clear wave‐like spectra (0.05–0.18 mHz) of atmospheric gravity waves indicating traveling ionospheric disturbances propagating toward low latitudes due to storm‐associated Joule heating at high latitudes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomagnetic Storm Associated D‐Region Anomalies Estimated From VLF Observations at a Low‐Latitude Station, Suva, Fiji

Kumar,

Singh

2023

JGR Space Physics

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that the CME originated from the site of a C9.1 solar flare on 15 March 2015 was the main driving factors of the geomagnetic storm (Kataoka et al, 2015). The characteristics of the global ionosphere at various stages of the development of this storm have been widely reported by related studies (Mondal et al, 2021;Polekh et al, 2017;Prikryl et al, 2016;Zhou et al, 2016). During this severe storm, EPBs occurred in American, African, Southeast Asian, and Pacific sectors have been also investigated by several studies (Carter et al, 2016;Zakharenkova et al, 2019).…”

Section: Severe Geomagnetic Storm On 17 March 2015mentioning

confidence: 93%

ROTI‐Based Stochastic Model to Improve GNSS Precise Point Positioning Under Severe Geomagnetic Storm Activity

Luo

Xiong

et al. 2022

Space Weather

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The solar wind and its interaction with the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system can cause severe disturbances in the global near-Earth space environment. When solar activities, such as coronal cavity high-speed flow and coronal mass ejection occur with numerous high-speed plasma clouds, reach near-Earth space through the interplanetary medium and interact with the Earth's geomagnetic field, a large number of charged particles carried by the high-speed solar wind flow can inject into the ionosphere, resulting in severe global geomagnetic disturbance, and then triggering geomagnetic storm occurrence (

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Lower Ionospheric Disturbances Due To Geomagnetic Storms of March and April 2023: Inferred From VLF Navigational Signals and Numerical Simulations

Tripathi,

Bhaskar,

Maurya

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

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D‐region effect of intense storm of 23 March (Dst = −163 nT) and super storm of 23 April 2023 (Dst = −212 nT) have been investigated using VTX and NWC transmitter signals recorded at low latitude station Dehradun (DDN; 30.31°N, 78.03°E), India. During March storm on 23 March, amplitude anomalies of +2.92 (NWC) and +1.91 dB (VTX) were observed. April storm showed amplitude anomalies of −9.41 (NWC) and −2.68 dB (VTX) on 23 April. Long Wave Propagation Capability code (LWPC) has been used to model signal anomalies to obtain D‐region Very low frequency (VLF) reference height (H′) and electron density gradient (β). During March storm, NWC‐Dehradun path showed a decrease in H′ by 12.04 km and an increase in β by 0.301 km−1, while VTX‐Dehradun path showed an increase in H′ by 0.07 km and β by 0.032 km−1 on 23 March. During April storm, VTX‐Dehradun path showed increase in H′ by 0.315 km and an increase in β by 0.024 km−1, while H′ increased by 2.91 km and β by 0.23 km−1 for NWC—Dehradun path on 23 April. Wavelet analysis of VLF anomalies showed signatures of atmospheric gravity waves of periods between 30 and 100 min during both storms associated with joule heating in the high/auroral latitudes. Results suggest that storm time prompt penetration (PP) of electric fields has contributed to VLF signal anomalies during April storm's main phase, which is also supported by PP Equatorial Electric Field Model run for the location of DDN station.

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Long-lasting disturbances in the mid-latitude sub-ionospheric VLF radio signals due to the super geomagnetic storm of 17 March 2015

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Geomagnetic Storm Associated D‐Region Anomalies Estimated From VLF Observations at a Low‐Latitude Station, Suva, Fiji

Geomagnetic Storm Associated D‐Region Anomalies Estimated From VLF Observations at a Low‐Latitude Station, Suva, Fiji

ROTI‐Based Stochastic Model to Improve GNSS Precise Point Positioning Under Severe Geomagnetic Storm Activity

Lower Ionospheric Disturbances Due To Geomagnetic Storms of March and April 2023: Inferred From VLF Navigational Signals and Numerical Simulations

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