Long-lived plasma cells in human bone marrow can be either CD19+ or CD19–

Brynjólfsson, Siggeir F.; Mohaddes, Maziar; Kärrholm, Johan; Wick, Mary-Jo

doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2017004481

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In humans, the bone marrow contains both CD19 + and CD19 − LLPCs (26). The majority of CD19 − LLPCs are actually found in the bone marrow, compared to the blood, spleen and tonsils.…”

Section: Lessons From Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination

2019

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The success of vaccines is dependent on the generation and maintenance of immunological memory. The immune system can remember previously encountered pathogens, and memory B and T cells are critical in secondary responses to infection. Studies in mice have helped to understand how different memory B cell populations are generated following antigen exposure and how affinity for the antigen is determinant to B cell fate. Additionally, such studies were fundamental in defining memory B cell niches and how B cells respond following subsequent exposure with the same antigen. On the other hand, human studies are essential to the development of better, newer vaccines but sometimes limited by the difficulty to access primary and secondary lymphoid organs. However, work using human influenza and HIV virus infection and/or immunization in particular has significantly advanced today's understanding of memory B cells. This review will focus on the generation, function, and longevity of B-cell mediated immunological memory (memory B cells and plasma cells) in response to infection and vaccination both in mice and in humans.

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“…In humans, the bone marrow contains both CD19 + and CD19 − LLPCs (26). The majority of CD19 − LLPCs are actually found in the bone marrow, compared to the blood, spleen and tonsils.…”

Section: Lessons From Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such LLPCs are key to maintaining long-term humoral immunity after infection or vaccination. They persist in the absence of antigen for decades after the original exposure (26). Although they exist in multiple lymphoid organs, the bone marrow is the home of the majority of plasma cells in mice (27, 28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination

2019

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“…As in mice, they also express CXCR4, IL6-R, and BCMA. In the human BM, PCs that are CD19 + or CD19 − secreting vaccinia-specific antibodies have been described ( 32 ). The CD19 − PCs show characteristics similar to LLPCs in mice ( 30 , 31 ) with a resistance to in vivo B cell depletion with Rituximab.…”

Section: Long-lived Plasma Cells: a Brief Comparison Between Mice Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Lived Plasma Cells in Mice and Men

et al. 2018

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Even though more than 30 years have passed since the eradication of smallpox, high titers of smallpox-specific antibodies are still detected in the blood of subjects vaccinated in childhood. In fact, smallpox-specific antibody levels are maintained in serum for more than 70 years. The generation of life-long immunity against infectious diseases such as smallpox and measles has been thoroughly documented. Although the mechanisms behind high persisting antibody titers in the absence of the causative agent are still unclear, long lived plasma cells (LLPCs) play an important role. Most of the current knowledge on LLPCs is based on experiments performed in mouse models, although the amount of data derived from human studies is increasing. As the results from mouse models are often directly extrapolated to humans, it is important to keep in mind that there are differences. These are not only the obvious such as the life span but there are also anatomical differences, for instance the adiposity of the bone marrow (BM) where LLPCs reside. Whether these differences have an effect on the function of the immune system, and in particular on LLPCs, are still unknown. In this review, we will briefly discuss current knowledge of LLPCs, comparing mice and humans.

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“…Therefore, the investigation of exposure to high concentration of SO 2 is of practical significance, although 600 ppm is a lethal concentration for humans. CD19 is an important marker of B lymphocytes and plays a key role in B cell signal transduction, activation, differentiation and production of antibody [ 23 ]. In this study, the effects of SO 2 exposure on CD19 expression and the percentage of CD19 + cells were investigated after inhalation of high concentration of SO 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur dioxide exposure reduces the quantity of CD19+ cells and causes nasal epithelial injury in rats

Chai

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2018

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundReactive airway dysfunction syndrome (RADS), also called irritant-induced asthma, is a type of occupational asthma that can occur within a very short period of latency. The study sought to investigate the influence of sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure on CD19+ cells and nasal epithelial injury.MethodsWe investigated the effects of SO2 on CD19 expression and morphological changes of nasal epithelia in rats. In the study, 20 rats were randomly divided into the SO2 exposure group that were exposed to 600 ppm SO2, 2 h/day for consecutive 7 days, and the control group that were exposed to filtered air).ResultsInhalation of high concentration of SO2significantly reduced CD19 expression at both the mRNA transcript and protein levels, and reduced the percentages of CD19+ cells and CD19+/CD23+ cells in the nasal septum. However, inhalation of high concentration of SO2 did not affect immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA and IgE levels in the serum and nasal septum. More importantly, SO2 exposure also caused mild structural changes of the nasal septum.ConclusionOur results reveal that inhalation of a high concentration of SO2 reduces CD19 expression and causes structural change of the nasal septum in rats.

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Long-lived plasma cells in human bone marrow can be either CD19+ or CD19–

Abstract: Key Points Long-lived plasma cells secreting vaccinia-specific antibodies are detected in human bone marrow >35 years after the eradication of smallpox. Long-lived plasma cells secreting vaccinia-specific antibodies are still able to express the B-lymphocyte antigen CD19.

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination

Remembrance of Things Past: Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination

Long-Lived Plasma Cells in Mice and Men

Sulfur dioxide exposure reduces the quantity of CD19+ cells and causes nasal epithelial injury in rats

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