Long-Range Effect in Ion-Implanted Titanium Alloys

Budzyński, Piotr; Sielanko, J.

doi:10.12693/aphyspola.128.841

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since the migration of carbon atoms was confirmed by the tribological results, we can now attempt to determine their range in the sample implanted by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD), as it was done in the case of nitrogen atoms. Measurements of friction factor for Ti6Al4V alloy implanted with carbon by IBAD using a beam of nitrogen ions with an energy of 120 keV was performed in [14]. The two-step increase in the friction factor, visible in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Details and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

et al. 2019

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Microhardness results and the occurrence of radiation defects at a greater depth than the predicted implanted ion range indicate the presence of the so-called long-range effect. An attempt is made to determine the thickness of a layer with modified tribological properties by measuring friction and wear factors. Tribological tests are performed on the pin-on-disc stand. The real thickness of a layer with implantation-modified tribological properties can be determined via tribological testing by measuring the wear trace depth when the friction factor and/or wear of the implanted sample is close to that characteristic of an unimplanted sample. The predicted range of the implanted ions is estimated by the SRIM and SATVAL programs. The presence of the long-range effect is confirmed for the steel grades AISI 316L, H11, Raex 400, Hardox 450 as well as for the Stellite 6 and Ti6Al4V alloys. The modified layer thickness determined by tribological testing is considerably greater (4.7 ÷ 16.7 times) than the initial range of the implanted nitrogen ions. The observed depth of changes in the tribological properties of the surface layer (due to the long-range effect) is consistent with the nanohardness results obtained for the steel grades AISI 316 and H11. An analysis of the content of elements on the sample surface as well as in its wear trace and wear products is performed by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS and WDXS). The results demonstrate that one of the causes of the long-range effect is the diffusion of nitrogen and carbon atoms in the friction zone during the tribological test.

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Section: Experimental Details and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

et al. 2019

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“…The diffusion of carbon atoms in the tribological test was first observed in [27]. Displacement of atoms and defects during the friction process, beyond the initial range resulting from the implantation process, can lead to a long-range effect [5][6][7][8][9]18]. After carbon implantation, the CoF variations characteristic of the unimplanted sample disappear throughout tribological test until the track reaches a depth of 10 µm.…”

Section: Implantation and Irradiation Of Titaniummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the tribological properties can be induced in the metal layer at a depth that is greater than the range of the implanted ions due to the long-range effect. The longrange effect was observed after the implantation of nitrogen ion in titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy [7] and several other metals [5,6,9,18]. However, the longrange effect does not occur for every ion-target pair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Carbon Ion Implantation and Xenon Ion Irradiation on the Tribological Properties of Titanium and Ti6Al4V Alloy

et al. 2022

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Carbon implantation increases the coefficient of friction and wear for titanium, as well as eliminates oscillating changes in the coefficient of friction for titanium at a depth 25 times greater than the range of the implanted ions. Carbon implantation changes the characteristics of wear, namely the steel counter sample sticks to the surface layer of the titanium sample, and fragments of the sample are torn out during friction. Although the adhesive wear mechanism is dominant, abrasive and oxidative wear can also be observed. The application of additional xenon ion irradiation does not cause any significant changes in the wear characteristics. Implantation of the Ti6Al4V alloy with carbon ions reduces its coefficient of friction. This effect is opposite to that observed for technically pure titanium. Optimum tribological properties are obtained for the Ti6Al4V alloy, implanted with carbon ions with a fluence of 1 × 10 17 C + /cm 2 . The different effects of carbon ion implantation and xenon ion irradiation on titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy result from differences between the energy distribution in the samples and the lack of chemical interactions of xenon atoms. The high energy deposited on the sample surface during the inelastic collision (Se) with the target electrons induces significant changes in the surface topography of both metals. This also explains why the diamond-like carbon layer, which is formed as a result of carbon ion implantation, is removed after being irradiated with xenon ions.

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“…Ion implantation has become one of the most popular methods of modification of physicochemical, optical and mechanical properties of a wide spectrum of materials including semiconductors [1,2], metals [3,4] and polymers [5,6] as well as quantum dots [7]. In order to cope with the demands of providing intense, high quality beams of a variety of ions numerous designs of ion sources and ion beam production procedures were invented [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Molybdenum and Tantalum Ion Beams using CCl₂F₂

et al. 2017

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A new method of refractory metal (like Mo and Ta) ion beam production using the arc discharge ion source and CCl2F2 (dichlorodifluoromethane) used as a feeding gas supported into the discharge chamber is presented. It is based on etching of the refractory metal parts (e.g. anode or a dedicated tube) Cl and F containing plasma. The results of measurements of the dependences of ion currents on the working parameters like discharge and filament currents as well as on the magnetic field flux density of an external electromagnet coil are shown and discussed. The separated Mo + and Ta + beam currents of approximately 22 µA and 2 µA, respectively, were obtained.

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Long-Range Effect in Ion-Implanted Titanium Alloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

Effect of Carbon Ion Implantation and Xenon Ion Irradiation on the Tribological Properties of Titanium and Ti6Al4V Alloy

Production of Molybdenum and Tantalum Ion Beams using CCl₂F₂

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Long-Range Effect in Ion-Implanted Titanium Alloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

Long-Range Effect of Ion-Implanted Materials in Tribological Investigations

Effect of Carbon Ion Implantation and Xenon Ion Irradiation on the Tribological Properties of Titanium and Ti6Al4V Alloy

Production of Molybdenum and Tantalum Ion Beams using CCl2F2

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Production of Molybdenum and Tantalum Ion Beams using CCl₂F₂