Long–range transport of giant mineral aerosol particles

In situ measurements of desert dust particles above the western Mediterranean Sea with the balloon-borne Light Optical Aerosol Counter/sizer (LOAC) during the ChArMEx campaign of summer 2013

“…However, there is evidence of Aeolian dust transport and sedimentation of giant dust particles in the ocean up to 10 000 km away from source regions in the tropical Atlantic (Prospero et al, 1970;Carder et al, 1986) and Pacific (e.g. Betzer et al, 1988;Middleton et al, 2001;Jeong et al, 2014). Airborne observations also confirmed that the coarsest particles (> 20 µm in diameter) are far from completely depleted over the North Atlantic (McConnell et al, 2008;Ryder et al, 2013).…”

“…Buat-Ménard and Chesselet, 1979;Martin et al, 1991;Swap et al, 1992;Duce, 1995;Alpert et al, 1998;Mahowald et al, 2009Mahowald et al, , 2011Maher et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2011;Choobari et al, 2014;Li et al, 2016). Desert dust aerosol is of particular interest in the Mediterranean region where it is (i) frequently observed in high concentrations in the troposphere; (ii) is a major component of surface PM 10 Rea et al, 2015), aerosol optical depth (Moulin et al, 1998;Gkikkas et al, 2013;Nabat et al, 2013), atmospheric deposition (Pye, 1992;Vincent et al, 2016); and (iii) affecting the regional air quality (Querol et al, 2009); atmospheric thermodynamics (e.g.…”

Modeling particulate matter emissions during mineral loading process under weak wind simulation

“…Vast amounts of minerals are loaded, transported, unloaded, and stockpiled daily around the world (Betzer et al, 1988;Rosing, 2008;Vasconcelos and McKenzie, 2009;Goix et al, 2011;Csavina et al, 2012). Atmospheric particulate matter is one of the important factors influencing climate forcing and the atmospheric environment.…”

Estimation of Dust Downfall Time in Dusty Days using the Correlation between PM<sub>10</sub> and Sunphotometer Data

“…According to common theories on deposition speed, a large part of the particles which travel more than 100 kilometers away from the source have a diameter of less than 20 micrometers (Gillette, 1979). Nevertheless, many researchers have found particles in the size of sand (bigger than 62. northeast of Africa on the Pacific Ocean (Betzer et al, 1988). The presence of big particles in such a large distance from their source is unexpected because they have a high deposition speed (Betzer et al, 1988;Midelton et al, 2001).…”

“…Nevertheless, many researchers have found particles in the size of sand (bigger than 62. northeast of Africa on the Pacific Ocean (Betzer et al, 1988). The presence of big particles in such a large distance from their source is unexpected because they have a high deposition speed (Betzer et al, 1988;Midelton et al, 2001). Such transportation distance cannot be explained by today's knowledge on atmospheric transmission mechanisms.…”