Long-term autogenous healing and re-healing performance in concrete: Evaluation using air-coupled surface-wave method

Ahn, Eunjong; Kim, Hyun-Jun; Park, Byoungsun; Shin, Moochul

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124939

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…a WP technique) for crack detection in concrete. 43,44 Although both the EMI and WP techniques have been proven effective for monitoring of concrete curing under controlled (laboratory) conditions, there is no known study that demonstrates the in-situ viability. 13,14,45 To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper reports the first practical application of both the EMI and WP techniques for monitoring the curing process of actual structural concrete elements of a multi-storey residential building under construction.…”

Section: And Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the curing process of in-situ concrete with piezoelectric-based techniques – A practical application

Tang

Lim²,

Smith

et al. 2022

Structural Health Monitoring

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The stiffness and strength properties of freshly poured concrete develop over time as the concrete hardens due to curing. The monitoring of such properties therefore enables timely construction decisions such as formwork removal. Traditional point-in-time destructive tests can be cumbersome, while continuous non-destructive testing is desirable. Piezoelectric-based electromechanical impedance (EMI) and wave propagation (WP) techniques fall into the latter, and they have been verified for monitoring concrete properties during curing in the laboratory. This paper reports the first field application of the EMI and WP techniques for monitoring concrete curing, where smart aggregate (SA) sensors are embedded into concrete pour strips of a multi-storey residential building during construction. For comparison and verification purposes, destructive compression and non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests were conducted. Results obtained from both EMI and WP techniques were consistent and repeatable. They were also comparable to the UPV result, and they showed a close correlation to the compressive strength tests. The current study has also revealed that the electrical signatures acquired from the EMI and WP techniques have a linear relationship. EMI-based and WP-based semi-analytical models (and their derivations) that can quantify the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete at various curing durations are also presented. This reported study ultimately demonstrates the applicability and practical application of the EMI and WP techniques for real-time measurements, bridging the gap between laboratory-based studies and field applications.

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Section: And Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the curing process of in-situ concrete with piezoelectric-based techniques – A practical application

Tang

Lim²,

Smith

et al. 2022

Structural Health Monitoring

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“…Thanks to the sensitivity of ultrasonic waves to the elastic properties of the material they travel through, the results are linked to the mechanical regain obtained upon self-healing. Mostly, coupled ultrasonic measurements were performed, while recently also air-coupled ultrasonic set-ups have been established 8 . While aircoupling provides the advantage of contactless testing, which eliminates the coupling variability, reduces the labor and authorizes automated measurements, the signal-to-noise ratio is much reduced compared to coupled ultrasound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing assessment of cementitious mortars through air-coupled ultrasound

Lefever

Charkieh

Hemelrijck

et al. 2023

Nondestructive Characterization and Monitoring of Advanced Materials, Aerospace, Civil Infrastructure, and Transportation XVII

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The adoption of self-healing cementitious materials has gained attention as an alternative to costly and labour-intensive manual repairs. Cementitious blends possess an inherent ability to repair formed cracks through so-called autogenous healing. Whereas the efficiency of autogenous healing remains limited as moisture needs to access the cracks, the healing capacity can be improved through the inclusion of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). To encourage the use of these self-healing blends within the construction industry, an assessment of the healed state is necessary to ensure a structure’s safety. The requirements for such evaluation method comprise the ability of assessing the regained mechanical performance, while maintaining the structural capacity of the member under study. A non-destructive method that has proven its potential is the application of ultrasonic waves, which are sensitive to the elastic properties of the material they travel through. Coupled ultrasound is currently most often used, while air-coupled ultrasonic measurements allow to reduce the occurring coupling variability. In this study, the self-healing evolution of cementitious mixtures with and without SAPs was assessed through coupled and air-coupled ultrasound. A comparison between both techniques confirmed the potential of air-coupled ultrasound, paving the way for automated self-healing evaluations.

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“…Ultrasonic waves are sensitive to the elastic properties of a material they travel through, thereby allowing a micro-and macrostructural characterization in a nonintrusive manner. Whereas ultrasound has been adopted for self-healing assessments in literature and showed to provide valuable results [7][8] , a direct evaluation of the deposited healing material was not possible, since the waves' propagation path includes the intact mortar around the crack volume as well. To isolate the healed layer, numerical simulations can be executed to simulate the effect of a material with varying stiffness and density within the crack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic evaluation of self-healing within cementitious materials

Lefever

Hemelrijck

Snoeck

et al. 2023

Nondestructive Characterization and Monitoring of Advanced Materials, Aerospace, Civil Infrastructure, and Transportation XVII

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Cracking of cementitious materials affects the durability of concrete structures and might lead to premature failure. As manual repairs are costly and labor-intensive, self-healing mixtures have been studied. The advantage of cementitious blends lies in the inherent ability of the material to repair damage through autogenous healing. As water is essential to be present to induce autogenous healing, the healing ability can be improved by adding water reservoirs in the form of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). As a wide variety of SAPs with different characteristics exists, an assessment of their capacity to improve the self-healing ability is necessary to optimize the mix design. While most standardized evaluation techniques are limited in their characterization potential or due to their intrusive nature, ultrasonic measurements allow for a non-destructive material characterization. Due to their sensitivity to the obtained microstructure, the damage present and the elastic properties of the material under study, the self-healing evolution can be monitored, and the results provide information on the regained mechanical performance. In the present study, various set-ups are utilized to assess the self-healing capacity of mortars with and without SAPs. The experimental framework includes coupled ultrasonic evaluations through surface wave and transmission measurements. In addition, numerical simulations were performed to isolate the healing layer and simulate the effect of healing by increasing the stiffness of the material in the crack. A comparison between experiments and simulations allowed to assess the elastic modulus of the deposited healing products.

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Long-term autogenous healing and re-healing performance in concrete: Evaluation using air-coupled surface-wave method

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Monitoring the curing process of in-situ concrete with piezoelectric-based techniques – A practical application

Monitoring the curing process of in-situ concrete with piezoelectric-based techniques – A practical application

Self-healing assessment of cementitious mortars through air-coupled ultrasound

Ultrasonic evaluation of self-healing within cementitious materials

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