Long-Term Benefits of Protecting Table Grape Vineyards against Trunk Diseases in the California Desert

Gispert, Carmen; Kaplan, Jonathan D.; Rolshausen, Philippe E.

doi:10.3390/agronomy10121895

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Spread of fungus pathogens involved in Botryosphaeria dieback within vineyards is linked with rainfall and associated wind dispersal of inocula (Mehl et al, 2017). Lasiodiplodia has been reported to be prevalent in regions with high temperatures and low precipitation (Úrbez-Torres, 2011;Gispert et al, 2020). The isolates examined in the present study had optimum growth temperatures of 28°C, but all grew at 37°C, and the isolates of L. exigua grew at 40°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Species in the Botryosphaeriaceae were commonly found in grapevines 7 to 10 years old and older, mainly in plants where large pruning wounds had been made in vines (Gubler et al, 2005). However, incidence of symptoms caused by this group of fungi has greatly increased in recent years, especially in young vineyards (Gramaje and Armengol, 2011;Gispert et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Lasiodiplodia species associated with grapevines in Mexico

Rangel-Montoya

Paolinelli

Rolshausen

et al. 2021

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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Botryosphaeria dieback is one of the most prevalent grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), and is caused by fungi in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Fungi invade grapevine vascular systems mainly through pruning wounds, and cause cankers and necrotic lesions, which lead to grapevine decline and death. Lasiodiplodia theobromae has been reported as a highly virulent pathogen of grapevine, and was previously reported in Mexican vineyards. The taxonomy of Lasiodiplodia was recently revised, adding new species, and some were reduced to synonymy. This study aimed to characterize Lasio-diplodia producing grapevine dieback symptoms in Sonora and Baja California, Mexico. Using the phylogenetic markers tef1-α and ITS regions, Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis, L. crassispora, L. exigua, and L. gilanensis were identified. Lasidiplodia exigua was the most prevalent species. Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis and L. gilanensis were very virulent to ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ plants, while L. exigua and L. gilanensis were less virulent, and L. crassispora did not produce lesions at 2 months post-inoculation. The optimum temperature of the Lasiodiplodia spp. was 28°C, but all four species grew up to 37°C, and the isolates of L. exigua grew slowly at 40°C. This is the first report of the four of Lasio-diplodia species in vineyards of Mexico.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Lasiodiplodia species associated with grapevines in Mexico

Rangel-Montoya

Paolinelli

Rolshausen

et al. 2021

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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“…Efficient management of GTDs in vineyards is achieved by early adoption of preventative measures (Kaplan et al, 2016;Gispert et al, 2020). Post-prun-ing fungicide treatment is the most effective practice, mainly because the causal agents are airborne with free water and infect vines through wounds (Rolshausen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Esca, Botryosphaeria canker and Eutypa dieback are among the main GTDs that affect vineyard longevity, yield of productive vines, and quality of the fruit (Kaplan et al, 2016;Gispert et al, 2020;Larach et al, 2020;Dewasme et al, 2022). Eutypa lata (Diatrypaceae) is the main causal agent of Eutypa dieback, and several taxa in the Botryosphaeriaceae cause Botryosphaeria canker.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growers often start protecting pruning wounds with the appearance of first GTD symptoms, when it is too late for effective disease control. Pruning wound treatment practices must be used early at vineyard establishment to provide yield benefits (Kaplan et al, 2016;Gispert et al, 2020;Di Marco et al, 2022). The banning of sodium arsenite in Europe, that was long registered for protecting grapevine pruning wounds, left growers with no alternatives, and likely resulted in an increased of GTDs incidence (Bruez et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grapevine pruning strategy affects trunk disease symptoms, wood pathobiome and mycobiome

MEZA,

DEYETT,

VALLANCE

et al. 2024

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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Vine training and pruning are cultural strategies that can be deployed to manage grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). Forty-year-old commercial vineyards in the Cognac region, France, trained to either Guyot-Arcure (severe pruning) or Guyot-Poussard (minimal pruning), were studied to determine how the two systems affected trunk disease symptomatology. Effects of pruning practices on the pathobiome and mycobiome of asymptomatic grapevines were also assessed, using culture- and amplicon-based Illumina sequencing approaches. The hypothesis examined was that severe pruning of Guyot-Arcure increases trunk diseases incidence and severity, and causes higher pathogen load and microbial diversity, compared to Guyot-Poussard. Numbers of symptomatic and asymptomatic vines for the two training systems were recorded over 3 years, including numbers of vines with esca foliar symptoms, and partially unproductive and dead vines. Six asymptomatic vines from each pruning method were selected, and culturing and sequencing data were obtained from 27 samples per vine. Fungi in the Phaeomoniellaceae, Togniniaceae, and Botryosphaeriaceae were the most frequently identified. The data indicated that severe pruning increased risk of pathogen infections, with Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium minimum and Diplodia sp. being the most commonly identified fungi. Greater numbers of dead or dying vines were recorded in the severely pruned vineyard, indicating that this strategy shortens vine longevity. Results also showed that severe pruning increased endophytic microbial diversity, and that the pruning methods influenced mycobiome community composition. This knowledge will improve recommendations to growers for practical and cost-effective ways to manage GTDs.

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Comparative Profiling of Wood Canker Pathogens from Spore Traps and Symptomatic Plant Samples Within California Almond and Walnut Orchards

Luna

Doll²,

Ashworth

et al. 2022

Plant Disease

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Fungi causing wood canker diseases are major factors limiting productivity and longevity of almond and walnut orchards. The goal of this study was to compare pathogen profiles from spore traps with those of plant samples collected from symptomatic almond and walnut trees and assess if profiles could be influenced by orchard type and age, rainfall amount and frequency, and/or neighboring trees. Three almond orchards and one walnut orchard with different characteristics were selected for this study. Fungal inoculum was captured weekly from nine trees per orchard using a passive spore trapping device, during a 30-week period in the rainy season (October-April) and for two consecutive years. Fungal taxa identified from spore traps were compared with a collection of fungal isolates obtained from 61 symptomatic wood samples collected from the orchards. Using a culture-dependent approach coupled with molecular identification, we identified eighteen known pathogenic species from ten fungal genera (Ceratocystis destructans, Collophorina hispanica, Cytospora eucalypti, Diaporthe ampelina, Dia. chamaeropis/rhusicola, Dia. eres, Dia. novem, Diplodia corticola, Di. mutila, Di. seriata, Dothiorella iberica, Do. sarmentorum, Do. viticola, Eutypa lata, Neofusicoccum mediterraneum, Neof. parvum, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, and Pleurostoma richardsiae), plus two unidentified Cytospora and Diaporthe species. However, only four species were identified with both methods (Di. mutila, Di. seriata, Do. iberica and E. lata), albeit not consistently across orchards. Our results demonstrate a clear disparity between the two diagnostic methods and caution against using passive spore traps to predict disease risks. In particular, the spore trap approach failed to capture; (i) insect-vectored pathogens such as Ceratocystis destructans that were often recovered from almond trunk and scaffold; (ii) Diaporthe chamaeropis/rhusicola commonly isolated from wood samples likely because Diaporthe species have a spatially restricted dispersal mechanism, since spores are exuded in a cirrus; and (iii) pathogenic species with low incidence in wood samples such as Pleurostoma richardsiae and Collophorina hispanica. We propose that orchard inoculum is composed of both endemic taxa that are characterized by frequent and repeated trapping events from the same trees and isolated from plant samples, as well as immigrant taxa characterized by rare trapping events. We hypothesize that host type, orchard age, precipitation, and alternative hosts at the periphery of orchards are factors that could affect pathogen profile. We discuss the limitations and benefits of our methodology and experimental design to develop guidelines and prediction tools for fungal wood canker diseases in California orchards.

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Long-Term Benefits of Protecting Table Grape Vineyards against Trunk Diseases in the California Desert

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization of Lasiodiplodia species associated with grapevines in Mexico

Characterization of Lasiodiplodia species associated with grapevines in Mexico

Grapevine pruning strategy affects trunk disease symptoms, wood pathobiome and mycobiome

Comparative Profiling of Wood Canker Pathogens from Spore Traps and Symptomatic Plant Samples Within California Almond and Walnut Orchards

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