Long-term body weight variability is associated with elevated C-reactive protein independent of current body mass index among Japanese men

Koji, Takehiko; Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Kondo, Takaaki; Ishikawa, Miyuki; Zhang, H; Murata, Chiyoe; Otsuka, Rei; Mabuchi, Tomoko; Hori, Yoko; Zhu, Sijin; Yoshida, Tomohide; Toyoshima, Hideaki

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802386

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Two studies in humans found a positive association of weight fluctuation with waist -hip ratio 22 or truncal adiposity. 18 Interestingly, when our data were dichotomized at BMI 25 kg/m 2 , the association between weight fluctuation and MS or each component of MS was pronounced only among subjects with BMI <25 kg/m 2 , which is consistent with other studies 9,14,23 in which adverse effects of weight change on health were seen more often among those who were not overweight, than among those who were overweight. The weight -RMSE value may reflect the degree of total or abdominal adiposity more exactly among normal-weight subjects than among obese ones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters and used as an index for obesity. Similar to our previous study, 14 weight variability was divided into 2 distinct components, that is, trend over time and fluctuation over time, using a simple linear regression model in which each value of the subject's actual weights at ages 20, 25, 30 years, 5 years ago, and present age were the 5 dependent variables and the subject's age at each examination the independent variables. The slope coefficient of this model was used as an index representing the trend of an individual's weight changes in terms of direction and magnitude (weight -slope), and the root mean square error (RMSE) of this model, a standard deviation around this slope, was used to represent the magnitude of weight fluctuation (weight -RMSE).…”

Section: Body Size and Weight Variability Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Body Weight Fluctuation is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Current Body Mass Index Among Japanese Men

Zhang

Koji

Yatsuya

et al. 2005

Circ J

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Body Size and Weight Variability Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Body Weight Fluctuation is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Current Body Mass Index Among Japanese Men

Zhang

Koji

Yatsuya

et al. 2005

Circ J

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“…However, as previously reported [21,33,61,66], we found that increased levels of BMI were strongly associated with increases in CRP levels (r = 0.831, β = 3.714, P = 0.000). Furthermore, elevated levels of other inflammatory markers including interleukin 1 and 6 (IL-1, 6), tumour necrosis factor α and β (TNFα, β) have been reported in obese individuals [4,11,74].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Plasma Aβ42 correlates positively with increased body fat in healthy individuals

Balakrishnan

Verdile

Mehta

et al. 2005

JAD

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Abstract. Obesity and overweight, well known risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, are now associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). It remains to be determined if obesity and overweight contribute to the risk of developing AD through modulating levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a key molecule in AD pathogenesis. Thus, we investigated whether there were any associations between plasma Aβ levels and body mass index (BMI) or fat mass (FM) in a group of 18 healthy adults. A statistically significant correlation was found between BMI, FM, and plasma levels of Aβ42 (BMI r = 0.602, P = 0.008; FM r = 0.547, P = 0.019), the longer, more pathogenic form of Aβ, but not with plasma levels of the shorter, less pathogenic Aβ40. Although not significant, positive correlations between plasma levels of Aβ42 and levels of insulin and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP), along with an inverse trend between plasma Aβ42 levels and levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) were answered. These results suggest that proteins implicated in inflammation, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, which in turn are risk factors for AD, may contribute to the associations between BMI/FM and plasma Aβ42 levels. Longitudinal studies involving larger cohorts are required to determine if elevated body fat may predispose individuals to AD through increasing Aβ42 levels throughout early to late adulthood.

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“…The association between excess adipose tissue (measured either indirectly by body mass index [BMI] or directly by body composition assessment) and elevated CRP concentrations [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] has been observed to hold for children, 36,40,45 elderly…”

Section: Role Of Adiposity and Weight Loss In Regulating Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural treatments for chronic systemic inflammation: effects of dietary weight loss and exercise training

Nicklas¹

2005

Canadian Medical Association Journal

217

146

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Review SynthèseT he biologic cascade of events that form the body's natural defenses against injury or infection is a vital part of the immune system. Ordinarily, this process is an acute response resulting in rapid, major increases in inflammatory mediators released into the circulation. 1,2 In healthy, lean, non-elderly people, for example, blood concentrations of the acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP), which are normally less than 2 mg/L in men 3 and less than 2.5 mg/L in women, 4 can increase more than 1000-fold in response to infection or trauma. 2,5,6 Typically, a CRP value of 10 mg/L or more is considered indicative of clinically significant inflammation. 7 However, recent evidence indicates that persistent elevations in circulating markers of inflammation, even when within the clinically normal range, are risk factors for cardiovascular disease in both middle-aged [8][9][10][11][12][13] and older [14][15][16][17][18][19] people. Recently, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association have stated that people with CRP values in the upper tertile of the adult population (> 3.0 mg/L) have a risk of cardiovascular disease that is double that of people whose CRP concentrations are less than 1.0 mg/L. 20In addition to CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), along with several other acutephase reactant proteins, cytokines and cytokine-soluble receptors, are strongly associated with increased risk for several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, 12,17,21,22 diabetes mellitus 23,24 and disability. 25,26 IL-6 and TNF-α are both stimulators of CRP release from hepatocytes.27,28 It is not yet known which of these factors might be the most robust indicator of underlying inflammation, or whether the effects of these biomarkers are additive for risk prediction.As illustrated in Figure 1, behavioural factors are associated with chronic, low-grade states of inflammation (as measured by slightly elevated inflammatory biomarkers), and therefore with the several chronic diseases that are associated with inflammatory states. Since the risk estimates associated with elevated inflammation appear to be linear (e.g., the CRP category cut-offs for assessment of cardiovascular disease risk 20 are low risk < 1.0 mg/L, medium risk 1.0-3.0 mg/L and high risk > 3.0 mg/L), behavioural interventions that produce even slight reductions in inflammation may have clinically significant benefits. A few pharmacologic interventions such as use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and statins decrease inflammation, as evidenced by lowered CRP concentrations in prospective clinical trials. [29][30][31][32] Moreover, there are very promising data suggesting that decreasing body weight and increasing physical activity are just as effective as medication for reducing overall inflammation. The published effects of behavioural interventions involving weight loss and exercise training on inflammatory markers are reviewed here. Role of adiposity and weigh...

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Long-term body weight variability is associated with elevated C-reactive protein independent of current body mass index among Japanese men

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

Long-Term Body Weight Fluctuation is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Current Body Mass Index Among Japanese Men

Long-Term Body Weight Fluctuation is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Current Body Mass Index Among Japanese Men

Plasma Aβ42 correlates positively with increased body fat in healthy individuals

Behavioural treatments for chronic systemic inflammation: effects of dietary weight loss and exercise training

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